番茄中番茄红素含量对各生育阶段土壤水分的响应  

Response of lycopene content in tomato to soil moisture at different growth stages

作　　者：刘亭亭[1] 胡田田[2] 陈思[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期168-176,184,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2011AA100504);国家自然科学基金项目(51279169;50939005)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同生育阶段不同土壤含水率对番茄红素含量的影响,为番茄节水优质生产提供依据。【方法】以"农城种业906"番茄为供试材料,采用五元二次通用旋转组合设计,通过盆栽试验建立番茄红素含量与不同生育阶段土壤水分间的数学模型,并对各单一因素及两两因素的耦合效应进行分析。【结果】在供试条件下,当其他因子为中间水平时,番茄红素含量随始花结果期、果实生长初期和果实品质形成期土壤含水率的增加呈先减少后增加的趋势,与果实快速膨大期土壤含水率呈正相关关系,而苗期土壤含水率对其影响不大。交互效应表现为,苗期土壤含水率与果实生长初期、品质形成期土壤含水率,以及果实快速膨大期土壤含水率与果实品质形成期土壤含水率间存在显著的负交互效应;始花结果期土壤含水率与果实生长初期、果实快速膨大期土壤含水率,以及果实生长初期土壤含水率与快速膨大期土壤含水率间存在显著的正交互作用;通过寻优得出各生育阶段土壤含水率为苗期土壤含水率50%θf^60%θf,始花结果期、果实生长初期、果实快速膨大期和品质形成期土壤含水率均为90%θf^100%θf时可得最大番茄红素含量(146.43μg/g)。【结论】苗期适当亏水,番茄生长中期以及成熟采摘前期土壤水分充足有利于番茄红素含量的增加。[Objective]The effect of soil moisture on lycopene content in tomato at different growth stages was investigated to provide basis for saving water and improving tomato quality.[Method]Pot experiment was conducted with＂Nongcheng 906＂based on quadratic general rotary unitized design with five factors.Then regression models were established between soil moisture and lycopene content in tomato at different growth stages.Single and coupling effects of all five factors were also studied.[Result]When other factors were at intermediate levels,lycopene content decreased firstly and then increased as soil moisture content increased during the stages of fruit appearance,fruit early growth and quality forming.Lycopene and soil moisture content were directly related at fruit rapid inflation stage while they had no relationship at seedling stage.Significantly negative interactions were observed between stages of seedling and fruit early growth,stages of seedling and quality forming,and stages of fruit rapid inflation and quality forming.Significantly positive interactions existed between stages of fruit bearing and fruit early growth,stages of fruit bearing and rapid inflation,and stages of fruit early growth and rapid inflation.When soil moisture content at seedling stage was 50%θf-60%θfand those at other stages were 90%θf-100%θf,lycopene content in tomato reached the maximum of 146.43μg/g.[Conclusion]Proper water deficit at seedling stage and high soil moisture at the middle stage of tomato growth and early picking stage were beneficial to lycopene accumulation.

关 键 词：番茄 番茄红素 土壤含水率 亏水阶段 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]