Antagonistic interaction between Trichoderma asperellum and Phytophthora capsici in vitro  

体外棘孢木霉与辣椒疫霉菌的拮抗互作（英文）

作　　者：Heng JIANG Liang ZHANG Jing-ze ZHANG Mohammad Reza OJAGHIAN Kevin D.HYDE 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University [2]School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University

出　　处：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》2016年第4期271-281,共11页浙江大学学报（英文版）B辑（生物医学与生物技术）

基　　金：supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(No.201503109);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31571950)

摘　　要：Phytophthora capsici is a phytopathogen that causes a destructive pepper blight that is extremely difficult to control. Using a fungicide application against the disease is costly and relatively ineffective and there is also a huge environmental concern about the use of such chemicals. The genus Trichoderma has been known to have a potential biocontrol issue. In this paper we investigate the mechanism for causing the infection of T. asperellum against P. capsici. Tnchoderma sp. （isolate CGMCC 6422） was developed to have a strong antagonistic action against hyphae of P. capsici through screening tests. The strain was identified as T. asperellum through using a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data. T. asperellum was able to collapse the mycelium of the colonies of the pathogen through dual culture tests by breaking down the pathogenic hyphae into fragments. The scanning electron microscope showed that the hyphae of T. aspere/lum surrounded and penetrated the pathogens hyphae, resulting in hyphal collapse. The results show that seven days after inoculation, the hyphae of the pathogen were completely degraded in a dual culture. T. asperel/um was also able to enter the P. capsici oospores through using oogonia and then developed hyphae and produced conidia, leading to the disintegration of the oogonia and oospores. Seven days after inoculation, an average 10.8% of the oospores were infected, but at this stage, the structures of oospores were still intact. Subsequently, the number of infected oospores increased and the oospores started to collapse. Forty-two days after inoculation, almost all the oospores were infected, with 9.3% of the structures of the oospores being intact and 90.7% of the oospores having collapsed.目的:筛选出对辣椒疫霉菌具有高效拮抗作用的木霉生防菌株,研究其对辣椒菌菌丝体和卵孢子的作用机制,评价其应用于辣椒疫病的生防潜力。创新点:首次在超微结构水平上报道棘孢木霉菌菌丝能重寄生于辣椒疫霉菌的卵孢子,为木霉生防菌的应用提供了科学理论依据。方法:从土壤中分离木霉菌株,采用对峙培养法筛选木霉生防菌株。通过形态学和多基因序列(ITS、tef1和rpb2)进行鉴定,明确获得木霉菌株的种类。通过细胞学和超微结构观察,研究木霉生防菌对辣椒疫霉菌菌丝和卵孢子的拮抗机制。结论:本研究筛选出了对辣椒疫霉菌菌丝具有高效拮抗作用的一个木霉菌株(CGMCC 6422),被鉴定为棘孢木霉菌(Trichoderma asperellum)。细胞学和超微结构显示,该菌株能塌陷辣椒疫霉菌的菌落,通过缠绕和穿透辣椒疫霉菌的菌丝体,引起菌丝体解体;首次观察到该菌株能侵染辣椒疫霉菌的卵孢子,并引起卵孢子完全降解。综上所述,筛选出的木霉生防菌株CGMCC 6422具有应用于防治辣椒疫病的生防潜力。

关 键 词：ANTAGONISM Electron microscopy Oogonium OOSPORE PEPPER 

分 类 号：S436.418[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.1[农业科学—植物保护]