精神疾病激越症状的临床评估和处理  

Clinical assessment and treatment of agitation in patients with psychiatric illness

作　　者：张素贞[1] 宓为峰[1] 张鸿燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,卫生部精神卫生重点实验室(北京大学),北京100191

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2016年第4期287-291,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：激越是精神疾病急性期常见的症状之一,具有发生率高、发病急、症状重、难预测、危害性大的特点,常见于精神分裂症和双向障碍躁狂发作的患者。临床上遇到伴有激越症状的精神疾病患者首先要评估其激越症状,包括基于精神检查的评估和量表评估两种方式,其中我国引进的量表主要有阳性和阴性症状量表兴奋因子(PANSS-EC)、柯恩-曼菲尔得激越量表(CMAI)和修改版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)。根据激越症状严重程度不同,可选用非医疗性干预、药物治疗、无抽搐性电休克治疗和联合治疗等方法。本文对激越概况、精神疾病激越症状临床评估和精神疾病激越症状处理进行概述。As a common behavior emergency associated with acute psychiatric illness（ particularly those diagnosed w ith schizophrenia or bipolar disorder）, agitation is characterized by high incidence, acute onset, severe symptoms,poor prediction and may result in substantial adverse consequences. It is an important first step to evaluate agitation in managing this condition associated w ith psychiatric illness. In addition to psychiatric examination,there are a w ide variety of rating scales to assessing the severity of agitation,mainly PANSS-EC,CM AI and M OAS in China. Treatment strategies include non-medical therapy,pharmacotherapy,M ECT and a combination of approaches. This article focuses on the overview of agitation,the measures used to assess and treat agitation in psychiatric illness.

关 键 词：精神疾病 激越 评估 处理 

分 类 号：R749.041[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]