淀粉/PVA复合材料挤出发泡片材的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties on Extrusion Foamed Sheet of Starch/PVA Composite

作　　者：曾广胜[1,2] 张礼[1,2] 黄鹤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学包装新材料与技术中国包装总公司重点实验室,湖南株洲412007 [2]湖南工业大学先进包装材料与技术湖南省普通高校重点实验室,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《塑料》2016年第2期37-39,43,共4页Plastics

摘　　要：以木薯淀粉、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基质,Na HCO_3为发泡剂,甘油和一定浓度Na OH水溶液按配比作为复合增塑剂改性淀粉,辅以其他各种助剂,利用单螺杆发泡片材挤出机熔融挤出发泡制备一种可生物降解的复合发泡材料。重点探究了淀粉含量、甘油/Na OH水溶液复合增塑剂含量对复合发泡材料表观密度及回弹率的影响,Na HCO_3发泡剂含量对复合发泡材料发泡形态的影响。研究结果表明:随着淀粉含量、甘油/Na OH水溶液复合增塑剂含量的增加,材料表观密度先减小后增大,回弹率则先增大后减小,当淀粉含量为55份,PVA含量为45份,甘油/Na OH水溶液复合增塑剂含量为20份时,材料的表观密度及回弹率表现最佳,发泡剂Na HCO_3含量为3份时,材料泡孔形态表现最佳。A biodegradable foam composite, taking polyvinly alcohol （PVA） as matrix and NaHCO3 as foaming agent, a modified plasticizer starch compound which was obtained by using cassava starch, glycerol and a certain concentration of NaOH distribution as filler,was prepared in a single screw foam sheet extrusion. The effects of the content of starch and glycerol/ NaOH aqueous solution on the material＇s apparent density and resilience, and the influence of NaHCO3 foamer content in cell morphology of starch/PVA foam composite had been highly investigated. As a result, with the increase of the starch and glycerol/NaOH aqueous solution,the apparent density of the composite had a trend of descending first and then rising, the resilience of composite had a trend of rising first and then descending. When the content of starch was 55 phr,the content of PVA was 45 phr,and glycerol/NaOH aqueous solution was 20 phr, the apparent density and the resilience of the composite obtained the best value. The cell morphology of the composite obtained the best value when the content of NaHCO3 foamer at 3 phr.

关 键 词：复合材料 挤出 木薯淀粉 聚乙烯醇 表观密度 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]