生长温度对烤烟生物碱含量及烟碱代谢相关酶基因表达的影响  

Influence of Growth Temperature on Alkaloids Contents and Expression of Key Genes Related to Nicotine Metabolism in Nicotiana tabacum L.

作　　者：金云峰[1] 王莎莎[1] 张建波[1] 杨慧芹[1] 逄涛[2] 李军营[2] 龚明[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心云南省生物质能与环境生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第3期555-567,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技专项"清香型特色优质烟叶开发"[No.110201101003(TS-03)];云南省烟草公司科技项目(No.2014YN16)

摘　　要：以云烟87为材料,采用人工气候室模拟云南江川、贵州遵义和河南襄县的气温条件,分别在烟草移栽-团棵、团棵-现蕾及成熟期进行不同温度处理,研究不同生长温度对烟碱、新烟碱、降烟碱和假木贼碱含量以及烟碱代谢关键酶基因表达的影响。结果表明：在3个不同生育期中,较低的生长温度均促进了烟碱的生物合成及其在根系中的积累。在移栽-团棵期,低温处理下根系中的烟碱含量升高至0 d时的1.54倍,而同时期叶片中的烟碱含量显著低于根系;进入团棵-现蕾期以及成熟期后,较高的生长温度则更有利于叶片中烟碱的积累,其烟碱含量较0 d时高约1.80~4.38倍;新烟碱、降烟碱和假木贼碱的含量变化趋势与烟碱基本相似。总体而言,在不同生育期,烟碱的合成和器官水平上的分布不同程度地受到生长温度的影响,成熟期温度对烟碱量的影响最大,具有相对较高生长温度条件的河南襄县更有利于叶片中烟碱的积累。本研究结果揭示了温度调节烟草生物碱含量及烟碱代谢的作用基础,在一定程度上解释了3个地区烟叶香型风格存在差异的原因。At the present study, the tobacco variety ‘ Yunyan 87＇ was used as the experimental material, and different growth temperatures were simulated in artificial climate chambers to resemble the natural climates of three areas（ Jiangchuan, Zunyi, and Xiangxian）, to investigate the effects of different growth temperature on pyridine alkaloids contents（ nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, anabasine） and nicotine metabolism in tobacco, at three different growth stages as follows： the transplanting to resettling stage, resettling to squaring stage, and maturity stage. The results indicated during all three selected stages, the biosynthesis and accumulation of nicotine in roots were stimulated by a lower growth temperature. During the transplanting to resettling stage, the highest level of nicotine content under a lower temperature reached to 1.54-fold of that at the initial level（0 d）, accompanied by a much lower nicotine content in leaves. When grown to thesettling to squaring stage and maturity stage, a higher temperature was helpful to the accumulation of nicotine in leaves, which was approx. 1.80-4.38 fold higher than the initial level. In addition, the profiles of anatabine, anabasine and nornicotine contents quite resembled those of nicotine. In general, at different growth stages, the biosynthesis and distribution of nicotine were deferentially regulated by growth temperature, while the temperature at mature stage performed the greatest effect on nicotine content. Thus Xiangxian, which had higher growth temperature than the other two regions, was more suitable for nicotine accumulation in tobacco leaves. These results revealed the mechanism underlying the effectsof temperature on regulation of alkaloid contents and nicotine metabolism in tobacco, and to some extent,explained why tobacco leaves from these three regions exhibit great differences in flavor style based on fluctuations of nicotine content.

关 键 词：烟草 生长温度 生物碱含量 烟碱代谢 相关基因表达 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]