大黄鱼养殖群体和野生群体形态、鳞片及耳石特征比较  

Comparison on morphology,scales and otolith characteristics between cultured stock and wild stock of Larimichthys crocea

作　　者：王映[1] 柯巧珍 刘家富 陈佳 JEERAWAT Thammaratsuntorn 赵金良[1] 翁华松 韩坤煌 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]宁德市富发水产有限公司,福建宁德352103 [3]国家级官井洋大黄鱼原种场,福建宁德352103 [4]福建省大黄鱼企业重点实验室,福建宁德352103

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2016年第2期149-156,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：福建省引进重大研发机构资助项目(2013I2005)

摘　　要：为研究大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）养殖群体与野生群体的鉴别特征,比较分析了大黄鱼养殖群体和野生群体的形态性状、鳞片与矢耳石轮纹特征差异。形态性状比较结果表明,养殖群体的肥满度（Fatness）、体高（BH）/体长（BL）、体厚（BT）/体长（BL）和尾柄高（CPH）/尾长（TL）比值显著大于野生群体（P〈0.01）,野生群体躯干长（TL）/体长（BL）比值大于养殖群体（P〈0.05）,养殖群体在体型上出现偏短、粗现象。养殖群体与野生群体在鳞片轮纹特征上无显著差异,部分个体鳞片上观察到有年轮和副轮分布。野生群体耳石轮纹较为致密,明暗带间隔不均,耳石中心核及周围区域为深黄色,年龄组成复杂,有0~2个年轮;养殖群体耳石轮纹较稀疏,明暗带间隔均匀,耳石中心核及周围区域较透明,观察到有1个年轮。这些差异间接反映了两个群体在生活环境条件、食物饵料供给方面的差异,可作为大黄鱼群体鉴定与资源管理的重要依据。To collect the identification features between cultured stock and wild stock of Larimichthys crocea,morphometric traits,scales and otolith characteristics were compared in this study. Morphological traits comparison showed that the fatness,proportion of body height to body length,the body thickness to body length,length of caudel peduncle to tail length in cultured stock were significantly higher than those in wild stock. The figure of cultured stock tended to be thick and short. The results of scales indicated that there was no significant difference between two groups,some scales had rings distribution and melt-erode phenomenon.The otolith wheel grain in wild stock was denser with inequality between light and shade. Otolith center nucleus and surrounding was yellow. There was 0- 2 annuli rings observed in wild stock. Otolith in cultured stock exhibited thin wheel grain,light and shade was evenly spaced,otolith center nucleus and surrounding was colorless,with only one annuli ring. These characteristics reflected differences of food supply and living environment conditions between two groups,which can be helpful for stock identification and resource management of Larimichthys crocea.

关 键 词：大黄鱼 养殖群体 野生群体 形态 鳞片 耳石 

分 类 号：Q954.1[生物学—动物学]