废旧塑料处置地沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及其生态风险  

Contamination and Risk of Phthalate Esters in Sediments from a Plastic Waste Recycling Area

作　　者：王昱文[1] 曾甯[2] 柴淼[1] 唐阵武[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学环境研究院,北京102206 [2]中国工程物理研究院材料研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2016年第4期558-565,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201309023);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2015MS60)

摘　　要：为了解废旧塑料处置活动对区域水体的影响,采用气相质谱联用仪（GC-MS）,对河北省某废旧塑料处置地沉积物中16种PAEs（phthalate esters,邻苯二甲酸酯）的污染特征和生态风险进行了研究.结果表明：研究样地的w（∑16PAEs）为0.527～102μg/g,平均值为18.9μg/g,其中,DEHP〔邻苯二甲酸（2-乙基己基）酯〕是PAEs最主要的污染单体,平均占w（∑PAEs）的66.6%.对该处置地的污染物源分析表明,沉积物中PAEs主要来源于废旧塑料回收利用过程中的环境排放.沉积物中w（DEHP）（14.2μg/g）和w（DBP）（1.41μg/g）（DBP为邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯）均超过各自环境风险限值（ERLs）,w（DIBP）（DIBP为邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯）超过了美国华盛顿州颁布的沉积物质量警戒限值（0.610μg/g）.研究显示,沉积物中DBP对鱼类的生态风险及DEHP对藻类和鱼类的生态风险水平不可接受,应引起足够重视.The contamination features and ecotoxicological risks of phthalate esters（ PAEs） in sediments from a plastic waste recycling area in Hebei Province were investigated to improve our understanding of the extent of PAEs pollution caused by plastic waste recycling operations. Samples were detected using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer（ GC-MS）. The total concentrations of 16 PAEs ranged from 0. 527 to 102 μg/g. With a mean concentration of 18. 9 μg/g,di（ 2-ethylhexyl） phthalate（ DEHP） was the most dominant congener,accounting for 66. 6 % of the total PAEs in the sediments. Source assessment indicated that the PAEs in the sediments were mainly derived from the inputs from poorly controlled plastic waste recycling operations. The results showed that the concentrations of DEHP and di-n-butyl phthalate（ DBP） exceeded the Environmental Risk Limits（ ERLs）,and the concentrations of diisobutyl phthalate（ DIBP） exceeded the environmental quality standards for sediment of Washington State（ 0. 610μg/g）. The risk levels from exposure to DBP and DEHP in the sediment were unacceptable for fish and algae,respectively,and therefore they should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯 废旧塑料处置 沉积物 污染特征 生态风险 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]