旅游概念界定与旅游学科框架构建的一个新视角  

Study on the Concept of Tourism and the Framework of Tourism Discipline:A New Perspective

作　　者：陈海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院商学院,湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2016年第4期62-70,共9页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：湖南省社科规划基金"古城镇旅游商业与游客体验和谐发展研究"(14JD12)资助~~

摘　　要：通过借鉴和思考,笔者认为闲暇时间是间隔镶嵌在个人一整段生存状态里的片段时间。同时,为了贴切描述旅游者的运动特征,文章引入了物理学中位移的概念。在此基础上,将旅游界定为:人们在一段离开惯常环境但位移为零的生存状态里,利用闲暇时间开展的体验活动,据此辨析了旅游与休闲、旅行和惯常环境与非惯常环境切换复原之间的关系。将旅游划分为兴趣驱动型、事务引致型和综合引致型三种基本类型,并对旅游统计问题进行了探讨。明确旅游概念的内涵和外延后,对旅游学科的研究对象和内容进行了分析,认为其统领学科的理论范畴是个体或群体惯常环境与非惯常环境切换复原中闲暇时间的体验,即新概念意义下的旅游体验。最后,尝试构建旅游学科框架并对其发展提出了建议。Tourism is at the root of the discipline of tourism as well as its starting point.But a common definition of the term has yet to be reached and has had a negative impact on the discipline＇s development.This paper intends to define tourism from a new perspective and try to build a new structure for the discipline.I agree with the opinion that＂tourism is an activity of mankind（tourists）＂.Through comparing,experience and thinking,I define tourism as an experience or activity where people leave their usual environment but with zero displacement in their leisure time.Tourism is thought to fall under the category of entertainment,and the latter includes the former.Travel is the sufficient but not necessary condition of tourism,while the switch and reposition between the usual environment and the unusual one is the necessary but not sufficient condition of tourism.The cause of tourism could be classified into three basic types,which are interest-driven,business-driven and combination-driven.What tourism studies is the experience which occurs during the spare time the individual or group has to move from the usual environment to the unusual one.In other words,what tourism studies looks at is the＂tourism experience,＂ which is different from a traditional experience in nature.What tourism studies is not only the core of tourism,but also the basis to develop its self-sufficient branch courses which belong to its own class.What＇s more,it is the basis for tourism to have an equal status to converse with related traditional disciplines and develop crossed branch disciplines.Most of tourism＇s self-sufficient branch disciplines,which have not come into being yet,or are not widely recognized,exist as courses in most cases,and its category will have eventually been determined after transformation and gaming in the future.Tourism＇s cross branch disciplines could generally be classified into three subdivisions,which are tourists,the tourism industry,and the public study of traveling.The disciplines related to tou

关 键 词：旅游 概念 学科 框架 新视角 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]