船-桥梁浮式钢套箱碰撞数值模拟中的流场处理方法对比研究  

Two fluid field processing method's results companson for numerical simulation of collision between a ship and a floating anti-collision steel box

作　　者：潘晋[1] 张小强[1] 许明财[2,3] 任淑霞 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通学院,武汉430070 [2]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,武汉430070 [3]武汉力拓桥科防撞设施有限公司,武汉430070 [4]上海船舶研究设计院,上海201230

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第7期124-129,151,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2013-VII-032)

摘　　要：采用Ansys/Ls-dyna对1 000吨级船舶与浮式桥梁钢套箱的碰撞过程进行了数值仿真,为了较精确地分析流场处理方法对数值计算结果的影响,分别采用流固耦合方法和附加质量系数法模拟碰撞过程中流场的作用,并对比分析两种方法下浮式钢套箱的碰撞力、撞深、竖向位移、内能变化等计算结果。研究结果表明,与采用附加质量系数法的结果相比,考虑流固耦合时防撞钢套箱的最大撞深较小而最大撞击力较大,且随着碰撞能量的增加,最大撞击力明显大于采用附加质量系数法的结果;因此对于桥梁的防撞钢套箱设计,常规附加质量系数法偏于危险,有必要用流固耦合法考虑流场的作用。另外,船体的撞击能量越大时,浮式钢套箱的竖向位移约束也越重要,可以通过设计浮式钢套箱的压载水,减小钢套箱在碰撞过程中的竖向位移,以提高其吸能效果。A numerical simulation of collision between a 1 000 t ship and a floating anti-collision steel box of bridges was performed using the FE soft ware Ansys / Ls-dyna. In order to analyze influences of flow field on the results of the numerical simulation,the fluid-structure coupling method and the added mass coefficient method were applied,respectively to simulate the action of flow field during collision and the results using the two methods were compared,such as,collision force,collision depth,vertical displacement and internal energy change of the anti-collision steel box.Results showed that when considering fluid-structure interaction,the maximum collision depth is smaller,meanwhile the maximum collision force is larger,and the maximum collision force is significantly larger with increase in collision energy,compared to those using the added mass coefficient method; therefore,using the fluid-structure interaction method to consider the action of flow field is necessary for the anti-collision steel box design of bridges; furthermore,the larger the ship collision energy the more important the vertical displacement constraint of the box; by designing the ballast water capacity appropriately,the vertical displacement of the steel box during collision can be reduced and its energy-absorbing capability can be improved.

关 键 词：船舶 桥梁 流固耦合 附加质量系数 防撞钢套箱 有限元方法 

分 类 号：U663[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]