太原市市售蔬菜重金属污染状况及健康风险评估  

Status and Health Risk Assessment of Vegetable Heavy Metal Contamination in Taiyuan City

作　　者：张珍珍[1] 程滨[2] 李茹[1] 赵瑞芬[2] 滑小赞[2] 霍晓兰[2] 赵秀峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学生物工程学院,太原030006 [2]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所/山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第10期169-175,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题"重金属铅;砷快速测定方法研究"(2012AA101401-2)

摘　　要：为明确太原市市售蔬菜重金属污染状况及经食入途径对人体产生的健康风险,测定了太原市市售15种蔬菜共130个样品中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr的含量。根据国家食品卫生限量标准用单污染指数和综合污染指数对蔬菜重金属污染状况进行评价,根据国际辐射防护委员会限定值对市民摄入重金属污染蔬菜带来的健康风险进行评估。结果表明:43.8%的生菜、33.3%的白菜、5.6%的韭菜中的Pb超标;75%的生菜、25%的白菜中的Cd超标;生菜有轻度污染,芹菜和白菜污染程度达警戒线,其余品种蔬菜为安全;蔬菜重金属污染程度依次是Pb>Cd>Cr>Zn>Cu。太原市市售蔬菜致癌化学污染物Cd的个人年风险为7.14×10-6a-1,Cr为6.20×10-5a-1,非致癌化学污染物Pb的个人年风险为2.34×10-8a-1,Cu为7.92×10-8a-1,Zn为4.40×10-9a-1;摄入污染蔬菜带来的健康风险来源是Cr,其个人年风险水平高于国际辐射防护委员会ICRP的限定值。To investigate heavy metal contamination status of vegetables and to assess its human health risk inTaiyuan City, a survey was conducted to detect the contents of heavy metals in 130 samples of 15 kinds ofvegetables that were collected from the markets. The values of these heavy metals were calculated subsequentlyaccording to national hygiene standard methods. Heavy metal contamination of vegetables was assessed withNemerow index and single-factor index respectively. Human health risks caused by heavy metal contaminationin vegetables were assessed according to the standards of International Commission on Radio LogicalProtection（ICRP）. The results showed that the standard-exceeding ratio of Pb in lettuce, cabbage and leek was43.8%, 33.3% and 5.6% respectively, the standard-exceeding ratio of Cd in lettuce and cabbage was 75% and25% respectively. The contamination of lettuce belonged to light level, that of celery and cabbage belonged toalert level, and that of others belonged to safety level, the order was： PbCdCrZnCu. The average healthrisk caused by intake of vegetables among Taiyuan residents were 7.14×10^（-6）person/year for Cd, 6.20×10^（-5）person/year for Cr, 2.34×10^（-8）person/year for Pb, 7.92×10^（-8）for Cu and 4.40×10^（-9）for Zn. Human health riskscaused by heavy metal contamination in vegetables in Taiyuan City were mainly chemical carcinogens Cr. The individual health risk of heavy metal contamination was higher than the standard of ICRP.

关 键 词：蔬菜 重金属污染 太原市 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]