中国清洁能源使用、要素配置结构与碳生产率增长——基于引入能源和人力资本的生产函数  

China's clean energy use,factor allocation structure and carbon productivity growth based on production function with energy and human capital

作　　者：李荣杰[1] 张磊[1] 赵领娣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学经济学院,青岛266100

出　　处：《资源科学》2016年第4期645-657,共13页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71473233)

摘　　要：提高碳生产率成为实现二氧化碳减排与经济可持续增长双赢目标的重要途径。本文将能源和人力资本引入C-D生产函数推导碳生产率决定方程,使用省级面板数据检验清洁能源使用与要素配置结构的碳生产率效应。结果显示:在全国层面,清洁能源使用对于碳生产率的改善效应业已显现,且在清洁能源发展不同水平地区存在不容忽视的差异;要素配置结构是影响碳生产率的重要因素,资本-能源比和劳动-能源比的提高将有利于碳生产率增长,近年来中国劳动-能源比持续下降对碳生产率造成的不利影响需引起重视;教育水平提升促进了碳生产率增长,但其贡献程度较小;"干中学"并未如理论预期对碳生产率增长产生正向影响。本文研究意味着逐步扩大清洁能源使用规模、审慎调控要素配置结构是保证碳生产率持续增长的重要手段。Improving China＇s carbon productivity is regarded as a significant move to achieve the win- win goal of carbon emissions reduction and economic sustainable growth for China＇s lowcarbon transition. This paper introduces the energy and human capital features（including education and learning by doing）into the C- D production function to obtain the baseline and improved carbon productivity determining equations. We also empirically examined the role played by clean energy use and factor allocation structure on carbon productivity using provincial panel data of China's Mainland covering the period from 2003 to 2012. Our empirical results showed that the effect of clean energy use has emerged to improve China＇s provincial carbon productivity;furthermore,the effect is significantly different in regions of different clean energy development stages. Sub- regional regression results showed the effect of clean energy is smaller in the Eastern region than the Midwest region. Factor allocation structure is an important condition affecting China＇s provincial carbon productivity. Note that there is a significant positive correlation between capital-energy ratio（K/E）and labor-energy ratio（L/E）and carbon productivity,respectively,but a declining labor- energy ratio has adversely affected China＇s carbon productivity growth in recent years. Improvement of education human capital contributes to carbon productivity growth,however,the contribution is extremely weak.＂Learning by doing（LBD）＂did not support the expected positive impact on China＇s carbon productivity as the carbon productivity determining equation previously showed. In addition,we discussed the problem of endogeneity in our models.To ensure China＇s carbon productivity growth,we should expand the supply scale of clean energy（i.e.,nuclear,wind and solar）continuously and adjust the factor allocation structure prudentially.

关 键 词：清洁能源 要素配置结构 碳生产率 人力资本 中国 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F206[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X196