学生如何应对翻译考试?——基于PACTE模型的翻译考试反拨效应研究  

An empirical study of the washback effect of translation proficiency test based on the PACTE Framework

作　　者：高满满[1] 慕媛媛[2] 孙静漪[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学外语学院,安徽合肥230039 [2]合肥工业大学翻译与专业语料库研究中心,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《外语测试与教学》2016年第2期8-16,共9页Foreign Language Testing and Teaching

基　　金：安徽省高校省级优秀人才基金重点项目(项目编号:05201357);安徽大学学术带头人引进项目(项目编号:20130110002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：近年来随着各类翻译水平考试的升温,翻译考试逐渐成为翻译人才评价的重要标准,对于翻译人才的培养起到愈加重要的反拨作用。本研究基于PACTE模型,对20名大学本科生和研究生进行了定性访谈,研究上海外语口译证书考试(简称"上口")对翻译学习的反拨效应。研究发现,多数考生报考上口的首要动机为提高英语或翻译水平。上口考试的设计涵盖了PACTE中多种翻译次能力,但由于应试策略的影响以及翻译标准不清晰,考生在实际考试和应考准备中多把重点放在双语次能力上,忽视了其他次能力,这对翻译考试的效度产生一定影响,不利于发挥其正面反拨效应。因此建议考试设计者明晰翻译标准,促进考生对翻译标准的理解,更好地发挥考试对翻译学习的正面反拨效应。As a growing number of test takers sit for translation tests in China,translation proficiency tests have become the essential assessment criteria for translation professionals,hence exerting significant washback effect on the education of translation professionals. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 20 undergraduate and graduate students,the current study investigates the washback effect of the Shanghai Foreign Language Interpretation Credentials Examination on the basis of PACTE framework. The findings indicate that the foremost test motivation for most test takers is to improve their English or translation proficiency. The test is designed to cover nearly all the subcompetences of translation proficiency,but in the real test practice and test preparation,test takers,due to the interference of test strategies and the inadequate translation criteria,put more emphasis on the bilingual subcompetence than others. This will do harm to the test validity and its positive washback effect. Thus,test designers are suggested to explicate translation criteria to enhance students＇ understanding about translation quality.

关 键 词：翻译水平考试 反拨效应 效度 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]