红碱淖湖泊表层沉积物重金属生态风险评价  

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediment of Hongjiannao Lake, Shaanxi Province, China

作　　者：于学峰[1] 刘晓清 王亚萍 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061 [2]陕西省环保产业集团有限公司,西安710075 [3]陕西省环境科学研究院,西安710061

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2016年第2期173-182,共10页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：环境保护部"良好湖泊生态环境保护专项";黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室自主部署课题~~

摘　　要：为掌握红碱淖重金属污染水平及其生态风险,我们对红碱淖表层沉积物开展了重金属分析,采用元素富集因子法和潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物重金属进行生态风险评价。结果表明:(1)湖心样品的重金属元素丰度比湖岸样品略高;(2)红碱淖各采样点重金属均处于轻度污染状态,仅Cd存在一定程度的富集;(3)沉积物重金属潜在生态风险指数处于较低水平。Background, aim and scope As the biggest desert freshwater lake in China, Hongjiannao Lake, located in the southern margin of Mu Us Desert, plays an important role in the regional ecosystem. It is the habitats of Larus relictus which is classifi ed as ＂vulnerable＂ on the Red List of International Union for the Conservation of Nature（IUCN）. However, the degradation of aquatic ecosystem in this region was found to be accelerating in recent years under the context of global warming and the intensifi ed human activities. The ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment of Hongjiannao Lake remains unknown so far. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide the basic data for protecting the lake ecosystem by assessing the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment of the lake. Materials and methodsTwelve samples of surface sediment in the lake was taken by the Van veen grab sampler. The distribution of sampling sites in the lake were designed to be even to ensure the representativeness of the samples. Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were analyzed by ICP-MS. The relative error of this method was controlled within 15% for Cr, 30% for Cd, 10% for Cu, 10% for Pb, and 12% for Zn. As, Hg were analyzed by atomic fl uorescence spectrometry. The relative error of this method was controlled within 10% for As and 25% for Hg. Cr6＋ was measured by diphenylcarbonydraide-spectrophotometer method with the relative error controlled within 15%. Three approaches were used in the assessment of the ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment of Hongjiannao Lake：（1） the comparison of samples in Hongjiannao Lake with the Environmental Quality Standard for Soils in China（GB 15618—1995）（EQSS）.（2） The enrichment factor（EF） to show the state of the enrichment for each element relative to the reference system. The reference system is selected respectively as soils in Shaanxi Province to show the enrichment relative to the local environment, and the upper continental crust（

关 键 词：红碱淖 重金属 元素富集因子法 潜在生态风险指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]