三氯生毒性效应及水质基准研究进展  

Research Progress on the Toxic Effects and Water Quality Criteria of Triclosan

作　　者：郑欣[1] 刘婷婷[1] 王一喆[1] 王晓南[1] 刘征涛[1] 张亚辉[1] 杨霓云[1] 闫振广[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第3期539-546,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003-06);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2014FY120600)

摘　　要：三氯生(TCS)是一种高效的广谱抗菌剂,广泛用于个人护理品和工业产品中,在水体和陆生环境及生物体内均被检测到,具有较高的潜在生态风险。文章综述了近年来国内外有关三氯生的生物毒性效应,分别对其在生物分子水平、细胞水平、组织器官水平及个体水平的毒性效应进行了分析总结。此外,对三氯生的水质基准研究现状进行了分析,并对其可能的研究方向进行了探讨。相关研究发现,三氯生可对水生生物特别是藻类产生较高的急性毒性。三氯生可在生物分子水平上产生毒性效应,影响酶和基因的正常表达及生理功能;还可产生细胞毒性,导致生物体组织器官产生畸变、癌变。三氯生对生物体具有显著的内分泌干扰效应,可扰乱生物体的生殖系统、甲状腺系统和神经系统的正常生理功能。但目前还没有充分的证据表明,通过日常使用个人护理品摄入的三氯生会对人体产生毒性效应。此外,虽然三氯生在水体中具有较高的暴露风险,但其水质标准基准研究并不完善,相关研究还较少。鉴于三氯生对水生生物具有较高的毒性效应,今后应加强三氯生水质基准方面的研究,不断丰富三氯生的水生生物毒性数据库,并进一步探索其在生物分子水平上的水质基准研究,以建立更科学有效的水质基准和标准。Triclosan (TCS), an effective broad antibacterial agent, has long been used in personal care products and industrial products. With inceasing high detection rates in aquatic environment, terrestrial environment and organisms, TCS poses potential ecological risks. This paper summarizes recent advances about the toxic effect of TCS to organisms at levels of molecular, cell, tissue and organ, and indivdual, respectivelly. It aslo analyzes the reseach status of water quality criteria related to triclosan, and discusses some possible research directions on this field. Researches show that TCS is acutely toxic to aquatic organisms, especially algae. At microscopic level, TCS presents molecular and cellular toxicity, disrupting the expression and physiological function of enzyme and gene, leading to the mutation and canceration in tissues and organs of organisms. Additionally, TCS could cause adverse effects on the reproductive system, thyroid system and nervous system of organisms, showing evident endocrine disruption. However currently, there is no strong evidence that TCS intake through personal care products could pose a threat to human health. Given the high exposure risk in aquatic environment, researches on water quality standards and criteria are relatively less. Future research on this field should be strengthened. We should make more researches on the toxic effect of TCS on aquatic organisms to enrich the toxicity database and a further exploration on the water quality criteria at molecular level.

关 键 词：三氯生 急性毒性 分子细胞毒性 致畸致癌性 内分泌干扰性 水质基准 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X824