高速列车通风冷却系统动叶轮静动应力及结构响应分析  

Analysis of Static and Dynamic Stress and Structural Response for Impeller of High Speed Train Ventilation Cooling System

作　　者：屈小章[1,2] 韩旭[1] 张德权[1] 阳吉初 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [2]株洲联诚集团有限责任公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道学报》2016年第4期7-15,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11232004;51175160);装备预先研究项目(62501036012)

摘　　要：高速列车通风冷却系统叶轮工作时,除受离心力、重力和冲击等静载荷外,还有气流及结构振动响应的动力作用。目前叶轮的动应力主要采用流固耦合方法进行分析,而对叶轮本身的结构振动响应研究较少。本文采用流固耦合技术,对通风冷却系统叶轮进行静、动应力分析;采用结构振动响应分析叶轮的模态频率,与气动激振力的低频、高频及倍频进行比较,此叶轮结构不产生气动共振,因此其动应力主要是由气动力产生的。通过结构响应分析,得出叶轮共振时的叶片位移方向主要是轴向方向;且随着阻尼比增大,叶轮振动速度幅值减小,但当阻尼比达到较大值时,叶片振动速度响应频率也有所变化,应考虑阻尼增大时新增的振动响应频率是否产生气动共振。采用滑环引电器的实验方法,对风机叶轮进行现场静、动应力测试,计算分析与实验结果比较吻合。The impeller of high speed train ventilation cooling system,when it works,is affected by the dynamic load of the air flow and the structure of the vibration response,in addition to the static load of the centrifugal force,gravity and impact.At present,the dynamic stress of the impeller is mainly analyzed by the fluid solid coupling method,while the research on the structural vibration response of the impeller is rarely performed.In this paper,the static and dynamic stress of the impeller was analyzed by using the fluid-solid coupling method.The modal frequency of the impeller was analyzed by using the structural vibration response.Compared with the low frequency,high frequency and frequency doubling of aerodynamic force,the impeller did not generate aerodynamic resonance.As a result,its dynamic stress was mainly generated by aerodynamic load.A conclusion from the analysis of structure response is that the resonance of the impeller blade displacement direction was mainly axial direction.With the increase of the damping ratio,the impeller vibration velocity amplitude became smaller.But when the damping ratio reached a greater value,the vibration velocity response frequency of the blade changed accordingly.Aerodynamic resonance generated by the new vibration response frequency when the damping increased should be considered.Finally,the static and dynamic stress of the impeller was tested by the experimental method of the electrical lead sli Pring.The analysis and experimental results were consistent.

关 键 词：叶轮 动应力 结构响应 流固耦合 气动激振力 

分 类 号：TH313[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]