重视小儿白内障术后并发症的防治  

Emphasis on the prevention and treatment of the postoperative complications in pediatric cataract patients

作　　者：陈伟蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山眼科中心,眼科学国家重点实验室,广州510060

出　　处：《眼科》2016年第2期73-75,共3页Ophthalmology in China

基　　金：广州市小儿白内障临床医学研究与转化中心试点建设项目

摘　　要：小儿白内障是儿童重要的致盲性眼病,手术是其主要治疗方法。由于婴幼儿眼部解剖结构发育尚未完善,手术方法有别于成年人且难度大,同时小儿白内障常合并其他眼部异常,这些因素均增加了术后并发症发生的可能性,如术后炎性反应、虹膜粘连、术后高眼压与青光眼、后发性白内障等。患儿术后并发症的症状和体征比较隐匿,容易被漏诊而延误治疗,最终影响手术效果,甚至导致二次盲。因此对其防治应引起高度重视,建立专业化的小儿眼科医师队伍,规范诊治流程,提高手术技术水平,减少和及时处理术后并发症,以提高小儿白内障的手术效果,减少儿童盲和低视力的发生。Pediatric cataract is one of the leading of childhood blindness, and can be treated surgically. However, the pediatric cataract surgical procedure is different from that of adult cataract due to the not well developed anatomical structures in children. Furthermore, pediatric cataract patients usually have other ocular abnormities, which also result in the high incidence of postoperative complications, such as postoperative inflammatory reaction, iris synechiae, postoperative high intraocular pressure and glaucoma, posterior capsule opacification, etc. Signs and symptoms of postoperative complications in pediatric cataract patients are relatively insidious and tend to be misdiagnosed, severely impacting the surgical effectiveness and even leading to the second-blindness. Therefore, we should pay high attention to the prevention of postoperative complications of pediatric cataract patients. Construction of professional pediatric ophthalmologist team, standardization of diagnosis and treatment, improvement of surgical techniques, and timely treatment of postoperative complications are all beneficial to improve the therapeutic effect of pediatric cataract surgery and decrease the incidence of childhood blindness and low vision.

关 键 词：小儿白内障 术后并发症 盲 低视力 

分 类 号：R779.66[医药卫生—眼科]