学龄儿童眼球生物学参数变化的三年队列研究  

Three-year cohort study on the changes of ocular biological parameters of school children

作　　者：吴敏[1,2] 李宁东[1,3] 郭寅[2] 李炜炜[1] 刘娟[2] 唐萍[2] 王爽[4] 冯祎[2] 陈霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学眼科临床学院天津市眼科医院天津市眼科研究所天津市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室,300020 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院验光配镜中心,100730 [3]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院眼科儿科学国家重点学科,100045 [4]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心北京市眼科研究所,100005

出　　处：《眼科》2016年第2期106-109,共4页Ophthalmology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81400431)

摘　　要：目的探讨学龄儿童眼球生物参数变化与近视发展特点。设计回顾性队列研究。研究对象6~7岁学龄儿童167例（167眼）。方法 167例儿童3年2次（2011年、2014年）行眼球生物参数与屈光度检查。根据检查结果（取右眼数据）,分为非近视组（2011年与2014年检查均未确定为近视）,新增近视组（2011年检查未近视,2014年检查确定近视）,近视组（2011年与2014年检查均确定为近视）。采用配对样本t检验比较各组参数变化,组间比较采用方差分析。主要指标等效球镜（SE）、眼轴长度（AL）、角膜曲率半径（CR）、中央角膜厚度（CCT）、前房深度（ACD）、晶状体厚度（LT）、轴率比（AL/CR）等。结果非近视组105眼2011到2014年SE、CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=0.86、-1.75,P=0.36、0.084）,AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=-19.84、-2.28、-13.94、9.81、-8.18,P=0.000、0.025、0.000、0.000、0.000）。新增近视组45眼2011到2014年CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=-1.68,P=0.099）,SE、AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=13.09、-15.54、3.37、-15.30、11.16、-61.90,P=0.000、0.000、0.002、0.000、0.000）。近视组17眼2011到2014年CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=-0.35,P=0.733）,SE、AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=4.30、-10.70、-2.43、-3.746、4.439、-7.95,P=0.01、0.000、0.027、0.002、0.000、0.000）。3组间2011年SE、AL、ACD、LT、AL/CR比较差异均有统计学意义（F=46.14、8.89、9.29、4.47、11.76,P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.013、0.000）,非近视组与新增近视组两两比较LT有显著差异;2014年SE、AL、ACD、LT、AL/CR组间比较差异均有统计学意义（F=134.85、24.77、11.17、6.63、41.08,P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.002、0.000）。结论三年随访观察显示,此年龄段儿童眼球生物参数变化显示SE降低、AL增长、CCT变厚、ACD加深、LT变薄、AL/CR增大等特点,而Objective To study the ocular biological parameters change in school children. Design Retrospective cohort study.Participants 6 to 7 years old students, 167 cases of eye data（of the right eye）. Methods 167 cases of children were measured twice（2011, 2014） in three years for ocular biometry and refractive error. According to myopia occurrence time, children were divided into non-myopia group（both 2011 and 2014 check did not show myopia）, new myopia group（those showed myopia in 2014 but no myopia in2011）, and myopia group（myopia was noted both in 2011 and 2014）. Paired sample t test was used to compare refractive parameters changes from 2011 to 2014. The comparison between groups was done with analysis of variance（ANOVA）. Main Outcome Measures Spherical equivalence（SE）, axial length（AL）, corneal radius（CR）, central corneal thickness（CCT）, anterior chamber depth（ACD）, lens thickness（LT） and axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio（AL/CR）. Results Non myopia group included 105 cases, for which there were no significant difference in SE and CR noted from 2011 to 2014（t =0.86,-1.75; P =0.36, 0.084）. However, there were significant differences in AL, CCT, ACD, LT and AL/CR（t=-19.84,-2.28,-13.94, 9.81,-8.18; P=0.000, 0.025, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000respectively）. New myopia group included 45 cases, for which from 2011 to 2014, there was no significant difference in CR（ t=-1.68,P=0.099）, but there were significant changes in SE, AL, CCT, ACD, LT and AL/CR（t=13.09,-15.54, 3.37,-15.30, 11.16,-61.90; P=0.000,0.000, 0.002, 0.000, 0.000 respectively）. Myopia group included 17 cases. From 2011 to 2014, there was no significant difference in CR（t=-0.35,P=0.733）, but there were significant change in SE, AL, CCT, ACD, LT and AL/CR（t=4.30,-10.70,-2.43,-3.746, 4.439,-7.95;P =0.01, 0.000, 0.027, 0.002, 0.000, 0.000 respectively）. Among the 3 groups in 2011, there were significant differences in SE, AL,ACD, LT and AL/CR（F =46.14, 8.89, 9.29, 4.47, 11.76; P =

关 键 词：眼球生物参数 轴率比 近视 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]