镉对人群健康效应研究需要注重肾损害水平之下的低剂量暴露  

Adverse effects of low dose exposures to cadmium below renal damage level should be emphasized for human health effect studies

作　　者：杨杏芬[1] 吴永宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心国家食品安全风险监测参比实验室,广州511430 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心卫生部食品安全风险评估重点实验室

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2016年第4期292-295,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81273102）;卫生公益性行业科研专项（201302005）

摘　　要：铅、镉、汞等重金属污染是我国当前面临的重大环境问题之一。镉对肾脏、骨骼、肺、生殖系统等均具有损害作用。既往大多数研究主要集中于肾损伤效应，亦有研究提示，在引起肾损伤水平之下的低剂量镉暴露对骨骼、肿瘤、心血管疾病、糖尿病、矿物元素等带来影响。长期持续环境镉暴露以及减低或停止暴露后，追踪人群健康损伤效应的发展、转归是研究镉暴露人群健康效应的重要内容。本文对长期环境镉暴露与健康损伤效应的研究现状及发展方向等进行了述评。Currently, the pollution of heavy metal, including lead, cadmium （Cd） and mercury, was one of the major environmental problems in China. Cd could cause adverse effects on kidney, bone, lung and reproductive system. Most of the past researches focused on renal damage effect, and some evidences suggestedadverse effects on bone, tumor, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and mineral elements, etc, which was occurred at low dose exposures to Cd below renal damage level. An important content of human health effect Studies on exposures to Cd is to follow up the development and consequences of adverse effects after long-term exposure to environmental Cd and then reduction or cessation of its exposure among this population. In this paper, the progress and development trend of long-term environmental exposure to Cd and its health damage effect were reviewed.

关 键 词：镉 环境暴露 肾机能不全 健康效应 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]