1979～2013年青藏高原上空温度变化特征  

An Analysis on Upper-Air Temperature over the Tibetan Plateau during 1979-2013

作　　者：段思汝 范广洲[1] 华维[1] 张永莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程学院学报》2015年第6期586-592,共7页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41275079;41405069);国家青年科学基金资助项目(41305077)

摘　　要：为研究青藏高原上空温度的变化特征,利用1979-2013年欧洲中心ERA-Interim月平均再分析资料,分析高原上空垂直方向上10个等压面层的温度变化趋势、空间分布、周期和突变现象,结果表明：（1）近35年来,高原上空以150 h Pa为界温度具有相反的变化趋势：600-200 h Pa显著升温,100-50 h Pa明显降温。其中,250 h Pa增温最快,70 h Pa降温最快,对流层的增温幅度小于平流层的降温幅度。（2）空间上,各层温度在高原不同区域的变化幅度均存在差异。（3）高原上空各等压面层温度场异常主要表现为全区一致型和东南-西北反相型。（4）各层气温均有明显的年际和年代际变化,主要周期为3-5年和10-12年。除150 h Pa外,1995年前后都发生了气候突变。In order to study the variation characteristics of the upper-air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau,ased on the monthly temperature datasets of ERA- interim reanalysis data in the period of 1979- 2013,the characteristics of temperature variation,spatial distribution,,mutation of the 10 levels over the Tibetan Plateau were studied. The results showed that（1） the air temperature had the opposite trend between 600- 200 h Pa and 100- 50 h Pa over the plateau in the past 35 years. Below 150 h Pa level the temperature had increased,but above 150 h Pa level the result had decreased. Of which,250 h Pa was the most obvious warming level and 70 h Pa was the most significant cooling level. The cooling rate in the stratosphere was much more intensive than the warming rate in the troposphere over the plateau;（2）in space,the amplitude of temperature of each layer was different in some changes in different regions of the plateau;（3） the main spatial distribution patterns of the upper-air temperature anomalies were the same in integral area and the contrary between northwest and southeast in plateau;（ 4） the temperature had palpable interannual and interdecadal changes and mainly the oscillation periods of 3- 5 year and 10- 12 year. The climatic jump of temperature around 1995 occured obviously on each level except 150 h Pa.

关 键 词：大气科学 气候变化 青藏高原 温度 高空大气 趋势 时空分布 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]