陕西省市售蔬菜中镍含量调查及其健康风险评价  

Surveillance on the contents of nickel in commercial vegetables and health risk evaluation in Shaanxi province

作　　者：聂晓玲[1] 王敏娟[1] 刘宇[1] 李天来[1] 杜可军[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心理化检验室,陕西西安710054 [2]第四军医大学预防系劳动与环境卫生学教研室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2016年第8期1065-1068,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81230063)

摘　　要：目的对陕西省市售蔬菜中镍的含量进行检测,对数据进行统计分析,并评价其健康风险,可为新鲜蔬菜的食用及制定蔬菜中镍的限值提供一定参考。方法利用GB/T 5009.138—2003中的原子吸收分光光度法测定镍的含量,采用Origin检验数据正态分布状况,用Minitab进行数据的Box-Cox转换,并对陕西省居民经蔬菜途径摄入镍的人体健康风险进行描述。结果陕西省市售蔬菜中,镍超标率位居前三位的蔬菜品种分别为菠菜(25.9%)、油麦菜(20.0%)和菜花(11.8%),从蔬菜大类看,叶类菜最高(12.6%),其次是茎类菜和瓜菜类菜(5.0%)、甘蓝类菜(4.8%)。不同类别蔬菜中镍含量离异度较大,其原数据不符合正态分布,也不符合对数正态分布,经过Box-Cox转换后,鳞茎类蔬菜和鲜豆类蔬菜符合正态分布(P>0.05),其他类蔬菜仍不符合正态分布。结论陕西省蔬菜中镍含量离异度较大,部分品种镍含量超标,个别蔬菜中镍含量对人体存在一定的健康风险。Objective To quantify the contents of nickel in commercial vegetables in Shaanxi province,analyze the data and evaluate its health risk,so as to provide reference for eating vegetables and setting limits of nickel in vegetables. Methods According to the standard method from GB / T5009. 138- 2003,the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was employed to measure nickel contents,the normality distribution of data was evaluated by Origin software,and the Box- Cox transformation for data was carried by Minitab software. Besides,health risk after intaking nickel from vegetables was described among Shaanxi residents. Results Among commercial vegetables in Shaanxi,the top three with over standard rate of nickel in vegetables were spinach（ 25. 9%）,leaf lettuce（ 20. 0%） and cauliflower（ 11. 8%） respectively. According to large categories of vegetables,the top three with over standard rate of nickel were leafy vegetables（ 12. 6%）,stem vegetables and melons vegetables（ 5. 0%）and cabbagesvegetables（ 4. 8%） respectively. Besides,nickel content in different types of vegetables and some vegetable was in larger deviation,the raw data did not conform to the normal distribution,also not accord with logarithmic normal distribution,and after Box- Cox transformation,bulb vegetables and fresh beans conformed to the normal distribution（ P 〉0. 05）. Other types of vegetables were still not in line with the normal distribution of raw data,and after Box- Cox conversion,the data did not meet the normal distribution,the human health risk of nickel intake from vegetable is lower. Conclusion In commercial vegetables of Shaanxi,the nickel content deviation didn＇t meet the normal distribution,and partial kinds of vegetables exceeded the standards,and there were certain health risks of nickel in partial vegetables.

关 键 词：镍 蔬菜 陕西 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]