县级医院临床医生职业应激、应对方式对心理健康及离职意向影响  

Influence of occupational stress and coping styles on mental health and job-leaving intention among county hospital clinicians

作　　者：聂光辉[1] 杜江红[2] 袁利[1] 马贞玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,广西南宁530021 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2016年第2期169-172,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻10124-001A-40);广西医科大学青年科学基金(GXMUYSF2014045)

摘　　要：目的探讨职业应激对县级医院临床医生心理健康和离职意向的影响,及应对方式在其中的中介作用。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取广西壮族自治区6所县级医院352名临床医生为研究对象,采用《一般健康问卷》、《职业应激量表》、《特质应对方式问卷》和《离职意向问卷》进行测评。结果临床医生心理问题检出率为27.6%;不同性别临床医生的心理问题检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。职业应激、消极应对、心理健康均与离职意向呈正相关(P<0.01);积极应对与心理健康和离职意向均呈负相关(P<0.01)。职业应激对心理健康和离职意向的直接效应显著(标准化路径系数分别为0.58和0.46,P<0.01);积极应对在职业应激与心理健康及离职意向关系间的间接效应显著(效应值分别为0.04和0.08,P<0.05);消极应对仅在职业应激与心理健康关系间的间接效应显著(效应值为0.10,P<0.05)。结论积极应对在县级医院临床医生职业应激与心理健康及离职意向关系间起部分中介作用,消极应对仅在其职业应激与心理健康关系间起部分中介作用。Objective To explore the influence of occupational stress on mental health and job-leaving intention and the mediating roles of coping styles among county hospital clinicians. Methods By stratified cluster random sampling method,352 clinicians from 6 county hospitals in Guangxi Province were selected as study subjects. They were required to complete the questionnaires. The assessment was carried out by General Health Questionnaire,Occupational Stress Scale,Trait Coping Style Questionnaire and Questionnaires on Job-Leaving Intention. Results The rate of mental disorder in the clinicians was 27. 6%,and it showed no difference in different genders（ P〈0. 05）. The occupational stress,negative coping style and mental health were positively correlated with job-leaving intention（ P〈0. 01）. The positive coping style was negatively correlated with mental health and job-leaving intention（ P〈0. 01）. The occupational stress had significantly direct effects on mental health and job-leaving intention（ the standard path coefficients were 0. 58 and 0. 46 respectively,P〈0. 01）. The positive coping style showed indirect effects between occupational stress and mental health,as well as occupational stress and job-leaving intention（ the effect values were 0. 04 and 0. 08 respectively,P〈0. 05）.The negative coping style showed indirect effects between occupational stress and mental health（ effect value was 0. 10,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Among county hospital clinicians,the positive coping style had a part mediating effect in occupational stress,mental health and job-leaving intention. Negative coping style only had a part mediating effect in occupational stress and mental health.

关 键 词：县级医院 临床医生 职业应激 应对方式 心理健康 离职意向 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R979.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]