中国西北干旱区夏季地面加热场强度的气候特征  

Climate Characteristics of Surface Heating Fields in Arid Region of Northwest China in Summer

作　　者：王昊[1,2] 李栋梁[1] 王慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]山东省气候中心,济南250031

出　　处：《高原气象》2016年第2期363-374,共12页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划自然科学青年基金项目(BK20130997);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306027);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金-新教师类(20113228120001)

摘　　要：利用AVHRR-NDVI和MODIS-NDVI卫星遥感资料以及西北地区95个常规气象站地面观测资料,计算得到了1982-2012年历年夏季(6-8月)地面加热场强度序列,并与三套再分析资料进行对比分析,利用数理统计和经验正交函数分解(EOF)等分析方法,研究其空间分布特征和时间演变规律。结果表明:(1)西北干旱区地面加热场强度大值区主要位于阿拉善高原、柴达木盆地及其以北地区、青海东部和河西走廊以东地区。三套再分析资料的地面加热场强度值较计算值整体略偏高,但量级相同。ERA-40再分析值与计算值在空间分布和年际变化上最为相似,计算值更加突出了局地的小气候特征。(2)西北干旱区标准化地面加热场强度的LV1为东-西反向型,PC1反映其年际变化趋势在1995年左右发生转折;LV2为东北-西南反向型,PC2反映西北干旱区东北(西南)部地面加热场强度在20世纪90年代中期以前逐年增强(减弱),随后没有明显的年际变化趋势,维持正常偏强(弱)。(3)以100°E为界,西北干旱区东、西部夏季地面加热场强度在年内和年际变化上存在明显差异:东部地面加热场强度大于西部;东部峰值月份(7月)落后于西部(6月);东、西部夏季地面加热场强度存在相反的年际变化,东(西)部年际变化主要受地面潜(感)热主导,先由弱(强)到强(弱)(1982-1995年),后由强(弱)到弱(强)(1995-2012年)。The monthly surface heating fields in the arid region of Northwest China in summer from 1982 to 2012 were calculated with the satellite remote sensing data of AVHRR/NDVI,MODIS/NDVI and the observed date from 95 meteorological stations in Northwest China. By comparing with 3 sets of reanalysis data,and using mathematical statistics and empirical orthogonal function（EOF）methods,the spatial distributions and temporal variations of the surface heating fields are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows：（1）The large values of surface heating fields in the arid region of Northwest China in summer are mainly over the Alxa Plateau,Qaidam Basin and regions to its north,eastern Qinghai and east of Hexi Corridor area.（2）The calculated values of surface heating fields are generally smaller than those from three reanalysis data,but all of them have the same magnitude. The ERA-40 reanalysis data and the calculated value of surface heating fields are consistent in both spatial distribution pattern and interannual variations,while the calculated values of surface heating fields give more detailed information of the local climate characteristics.（3）The LV1 of surface heating fields in the arid region of Northwest China in summer have opposite spatial patterns from east to west,and its PC1 displays changing interannual trends of surface heating fields in the arid region of Northwest China in summer around 1995.The LV2 have opposite spatial patterns from northeast to southwest. Furthermore,its PC2 indicates that the surface heating fields in northeastern（southwestern）part of Northwest China increases（decreases）year by year before the mid-1990 s,and there is no obvious interannual trends afterwards with a slightly larger（smaller）value.（3）Taking 100°E as the boundary,the surface heating fields in the eastern and western parts of Northwest China vary significantly in terms of intra- annual and interannual variation trends. The intensity of the surface heating fields in eastern regions is stronge

关 键 词：西北干旱区 地面加热场强度 NDVI 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]