1976-2011年博斯腾湖小湖区湿地生态系统服务价值变化分析  

Changes of the Ecosystem Service Values of the Wetlands of Small Lake in Bosten Lake Basin During the Period from 1976 to 2011

作　　者：祖皮艳木.买买提 赛迪古丽.哈西木 玉米提.哈力克 肉孜.阿吉 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区地震局,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [4]新疆大学生态学博士后科研流动站,乌鲁木齐830046 [5]新疆师范大学学报编辑部,乌鲁木齐830054 [6]埃希施塔特-因戈尔施塔特大学数学与地理系,德国埃希施塔特85071 [7]新疆维吾尔自治区气象台,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第3期328-332,337,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室开放课题"博斯腾湖湿地系统的生态安全调控机理研究"(2014KL016);国家自然科学基金(31360200);德国大众基金会EcoCAR项目(Az:88497)

摘　　要：以1976年、1990年、2002年和2011年4期的遥感影像资料为基础,结合野外实地调查及其他相关资料,研究了1976—2011年博斯腾湖小湖区湿地面积和生态系统服务价值变化及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)近40年间小湖区湿地面积变化呈波动性趋势。其中1976年湿地面积最大为3 813.12hm^2;2002年和2011年湿地面积分别减少为3 138.12,2 285.53hm^2。(2)在整个研究时段博斯腾湖小湖区湿地生态系统服务价值的变化整体上呈减少趋势:其中在1976—1990年,年平均减少2.67%;而在1990—2002年,年平均增长2.63%;2002年以后不断减少,减少速度比前15年明显加快。从研究区各生态功能服务价值对总的生态系统服务功能价值的贡献来看,废弃物处理、水涵养和气候调节功能服务价值的贡献率较大,且在整个研究时段呈增加的趋势。在研究期间,博斯腾湖小湖区湿地面积和生态系统服务价值的变化与流域自然和人为因素密切相关,应重视近年来人类活动的负面影响,对绿洲经济活动进行合理规划和控制。Based on the remote sensing images of 1976,1990,2002,and 2011 of Bosten Lake Basin,the field investigation and other related information,the changes and the influential factors of the ecosystem service values of the wetlands of small lakes of the Bosten Lake Basin during the period from 1976 to 2011 were examined.The results showed that：（1）the fluctuating change trend of the wetlands area of the small lakes of the Bosten Lake Basin was observed during these nearly forty years,among which,in 1976,the wetland area was the maximum,and reached up to 3 813.12hm-2;while in 2002 and 2011,these reduced to 3 138.12hm-2 and 2 285.53hm-2,respectively;（2）in the whole research period,as the whole,we could see that the changes of the ecosystem service values of the wetlands of the small lakes showed decreasing trends;and from 1976 to 1990,there was a mean reduction of them as 2.67% per year;but from 1990 to 2002,these increased by 2.63% per year.This research showed in the whole research period,the wetland areas and theecosystem service values of the research area showed decreasing trends since 2002,and the decreasing trends were much faster than the former 15 years.From the contribution of each ecological function service value of the total ecological system function service values,we could get that the contribution rates of the waste disposal,the water conservation and the climate regulation to the whole ecological service values were the maximum,and they increased from 1976 to 2011.This research showed the changes of the wetland areas and the ecosystem service values of the small lakes of the Bosten Lake Basin were closely related with the natural and anthropogenic factors in nearly 40 years,and we should pay much attention to the negative influent that was caused by the unreasonable human activities,and should make reasonable plans for the development of the economy activities in the basin.

关 键 词：湿地面积 生态服务价值变化 小湖区湿地 博斯腾湖流域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]