土壤溶解性有机质生物降解研究进展  

Research progress on the biodegradation of soil dissolved organic matter

作　　者：贾华丽[1] 郗敏[1] 孔范龙[1] 李悦[1] 乔婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学化学化工与环境学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第2期183-188,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41101080);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014DQ028;ZR2015DM004);山东省高等学校科技计划资助项目(J12LC04)

摘　　要：溶解性有机质(DOM)是土壤有机质中最容易被微生物利用的一部分,是土壤微生物代谢重要的物质和能量来源。DOM的生物降解反映了其稳定性及在物质、能量代谢中的作用,对土壤的碳循环和大气的温室效应有重要影响。目前,有关DOM生物降解的研究主要集中在降解过程的表征及其影响因素两大方面,该文对相关问题进行了综述。表征指标可以归纳为降解率、降解速率、半衰期等矿化动力学指标和光谱指标两大类;降解过程直接取决于DOM分子大小、结构和微生物群落、数量和活性等直接影响因素,而土层深度、土壤湿度、温度、土地利用和管理方式、p H等间接因素通过影响DOM的组成结构及微生物的性质进而影响DOM的降解过程。在此基础上,论文指出了目前国内研究中存在的问题,并提出了进一步研究的方向。DOM as one of the most readily used parts of the soil organic matter is the important material and energy sources for soil microbial metabolism. The biodegradation of DOM reflects its stability and the irreplaceable role in the metabolism of material and energy, which has a great impact on the carbon cycle in soil and greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. Present research on biodegradation of DOM mainly focuses on the characterization of degradation process and the influence factors. Herein, we summarize these two aspects in this paper. The indicators can be concluded into two categories, the spectral index and mineralization kinetics index, including the rate of degradation, degradation rate and half-life of DOM. The degradation process depends directly on the molecular size and chemical structure of DOM and the community, number and activity of microbe. Meanwhile, the process is also influenced by the depth of soil, soil moisture, temperature, p H, land use and management manner. Given this, we propose the direction of further study after summing up the shortcomings of relevant studies.

关 键 词：溶解性有机质 生物降解 表征指标 影响因素 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]