基于GIS的泾河北洛河上游重点治理区土壤侵蚀潜在危险度评价  

Evaluation of Potential Soil Erosion Risk in Key Harnessing Areas of Jinghe and Beiluo River Upstream Based on GIS

作　　者：王凯[1] 马金辉[1] 夏燕秋[1] 党俊肖 刘飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西安通信学院,陕西西安710106

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第2期343-348,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项"基于干涉测量和物联网技术的甘肃南部地质灾害监测预警"(2013DFE23030);甘肃省民生科技计划项目"天水南部山区地质灾害监测预警;生态-经济发展研究与集成示范"(1503FCME006)

摘　　要：[目的]对泾河北洛河上游重点治理区土壤侵蚀潜在危险度进行评价,为该区土壤侵蚀研究提供参考。[方法]在GIS支持下,利用高分辨率遥感影像土地利用解译结果,采用中国土壤流失方程(CSLE)与抗蚀年限法相结合,同时利用土壤侵蚀潜在危险度指数(SEPDI)对不同坡度地区或地类土壤侵蚀潜在危险度的大小进行评价。[结果]利用CSLE定量计算得到陕西省吴起县的年均侵蚀模数为1 317.5t/(km2·a),属轻度侵蚀,其土壤侵蚀潜在危险度也较小,以无险型和轻险型为主,平均SPEDI值为1.25。[结论]研究区内大于25°的坡度范围将是今后重点治理的区域;另外研究区内人为水土流失比较严重,建议适当减少工矿用地以及建筑用地的开挖量。[Objective]The potential soil erosion risk in the key harnessing areas of Jinghe and Beiluo River upstream was assessed to provide references for soil erosion researches.[Methods]Based on the interpretation results of high-resolution remote sensing images and the assistant of GIS,the Chinese soil loss equation and the method of soil anti-erosion years were used to assess the potential risk of lands with different slope gradient and land use type by SPEDI index.[Results]The average soil erosion modules of Wuqi County was1 317.5t/（km2·a）,which belonged to slight erosion level.The risk was assessed at slight or no danger level,and the average SPEDI is 1.25.[Conclusion]In some districts,soil erosion might be serious especially when the slope is larger than 25 degrees,and these districts need to be intensively harnessed in the future.In addition,the excavation work of mine and construction of land were proposed to be diminished because most serious soil erosion was caused by human.

关 键 词：高分辨率遥感影像 土壤侵蚀 危险度评价 抗蚀年限 空间分析 土壤侵蚀潜在危险度指数 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]