钢筋混凝土拱桥使用现状及其可靠性评估进展  

The Current Service Status and Advances in Reliability Assessment of Existing Reinforced Concrete Arch Bridges

作　　者：李宏江[1] 张劲泉[1] 刘汉勇[1] 程寿山[1] 吴寒亮[1] 张守祺[1] 杨昀[1] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《公路工程》2016年第2期89-98,共10页Highway Engineering

基　　金：交通运输部建设科技项目(2014318223030)

摘　　要：钢筋混凝土拱桥是我国拱桥的主要结构形式之一,而其中的箱型拱桥最具发展潜力。受到荷载、材料及环境等因素的作用,现役钢筋混凝土拱桥的可靠性问题日益突出。为摸清我国现役钢筋混凝土拱桥的使用现状,并阐明其可靠性评估方面的进展情况,在文献调研及对已有成果梳理的基础上,简要介绍了钢筋混凝土拱桥的建造情况,以箱型拱桥为例阐明了几类较为严重的结构性病害特征,着重剖析了我国钢筋混凝土拱桥可靠性评估技术的主要特点。研究表明,基于可靠性理论的评估方法已在实际工程中有所应用,但多侧重于主拱圈的安全性评定,而结构体系的可靠性评估目前手段还相对匮乏,耐久性评估严重滞后,目标可靠指标的取值目前也缺乏统一的标准。箱型拱桥的可靠性评估中,应加强永久作用效应推断、桥道梁(板)更换准则、吊杆的疲劳可靠性等方面的研究,这不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且具有广泛的工程应用前景和重大的社会经济效益。The reinforced concrete arch bridge is one of the main arch bridge structural types in China,and the box arch bridge is the most promising type in the reinforced concrete arch bridge family. Influenced by factors of load,materials and environment,the reliability of existing reinforced concrete arch bridges has become increasingly prominent. To find out the current service status of existing reinforced concrete arch bridges,and clarify some advances in reliability assessment of these bridges,based on literature research and the existing achievements in this field,construction conditions of these arch bridges were briefly introduced. Then features of some severe structural defects or diseases in box arch bridges were given. Finally,the main characteristics of the reliability assessment of reinforced concrete arch bridges were analyzed in detail. Research shows that,evaluation methods based on reliability theory have been used in practical engineering projects,but most of them focused on assessing the safety of these bridges,and the means for structural system reliability assessment were relatively scarce. At the same time,the study on durability assessment was seriously lagging behind. Besides,there were no uniform standards at the value of target reliability index. The future study on the reliability assessment of box arch bridges should be put emphasis on the estimation of effects of permanent actions,the replacement criteria of deck beams or slabs,and the fatigue reliability of suspenders,etc. These studies are not only of theoretical significance,but also have wide application prospect and great social and economic benefits.

关 键 词：钢筋混凝土 拱桥 可靠性 评估 安全性 耐久性 

分 类 号：U448.22[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]