某军校新生孤独、焦虑与应对方式现况调查  

Prevalence Study of Loneliness,Anxiety and Coping Style in Military University Freshmen

作　　者：王嘉楠[1] 沈约[1] 王波[2] 刘媛[3] 曹宝花[1] 王安辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学护理学院,西安710032 [2]第四军医大学军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室 [3]西安通信学院门诊部

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2016年第2期179-182,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的了解军校新生孤独、焦虑状态及应对方式的特征,探讨军校新生孤独、焦虑状态与应对方式之间的关系,为军校新生的心理健康教育工作提供基础资料。方法整群抽取674名某军校新生进行现况调查,调查问卷包括个人基本信息及UCLA孤独量表(UCLALS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和应对方式量表(CSQ)等。结果军校新生UCLALS总分32.8±9.4,SAS总分为36.5±8.7,应对方式中解决问题、自责、求助、幻想、退避、合理化均分分别为0.85,0.67,0.25,0.73,0.37,0.41和0.34。军校新生的孤独、焦虑状态及应对方式评分与诸多因素有关联,这些因素包括来自部队或从地方高考入学,既往是否担任过学生干部,是否是独生子女,以及自我评价的性格类型。SAS评分与应对方式中的自责、幻想、退避、合理化评分存在显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.311、0.367、0.309、0.249;UCLALS评分与应对方式中的自责、幻想、退避、合理化评分存在显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.328、0.397、0.404、0.339。SAS评分与解决问题、求助的积极成熟的应对方式存在显著负相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为-0.391,-0.302;UCLALS评分与解决问题、求助的积极成熟的应对方式存在显著负相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为-0.433,-0.413。结论尽管军校新生SAS和UCLALS评分好于一般人群,但是军校新生的SAS、UCLALS评分及应对方式受多种因素的影响,军校新生的心理健康状况值得关注。Objective To investigate the status of loneliness,anxiety and coping style in military university freshmen,and to explore relationship between loneliness,anxiety and coping style,so as to provide the data for mental health education in military university freshmen. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out including 674 freshmen in a military university selected by a cluster sampling method. Questionnaires including general information and UCLA loneliness scale（ UCLALS）,self- rating anxiety scale（ SAS） and coping style questionnaire（ CSQ） were used to investigate. Results The scores of UCLALS and SAS for freshmen are 32. 8 ± 9. 40 and 36. 5 ± 8. 74 respectively. Scores of dimensions（ problem solving,feel guilt,seeking for help,fantasy,retreat,rationalization） of coping styles were 0. 85,0. 67,0. 73,0. 37,0. 41 and 0. 34 respectively. The scores of UCLALS,SAS and CSQ in freshmen were correlation with many factors such as： different entrance sources,whether being a student cadre or not,whether from the one- child family or not,with different self- assessment of personality. Scores of SAS and UCLALS were positively correlated with the dimensionalities of self- accusation,fantasy,shrinking and rationalization（ P〈0. 01）,the correlation coefficients of SAS score with the dimensionalities were 0. 311,0. 367,0. 309,and 0. 249 respectively,and those of UCLALS were 0. 328,0. 397,0. 404,and 0. 339 respectively. Scores of SAS and UCLALS were negatively correlated with the dimensionalities of problems solving,seeking help（ P〈0. 01）,the correlation coefficients of SAS score were- 0. 391 and- 0. 302,and those of UCLALS were- 0. 433,and- 0. 413. Conclusion Although the scores of SAS and UCLALS of freshmen in military university are better than those of general population,many factors are associated with freshmen＇s scores of UCLALS,SAS and CSQ,more attentions should be paid to mental health status of military freshmen.

关 键 词：军队 新生 UCLA孤独感量表 焦虑自评量表 应对方式 

分 类 号：B548[哲学宗教—外国哲学] E0[军事—军事理论]