听力残疾人的孤独感及相关因素  

Feeling of loneliness and its related factors among individuals with hearing disability

作　　者：张惠实[1] 钟宝亮[1] 李文学[1] 刘修军[1] 黄先娥[1] 戴晓燕[1] 胡琼芳[1] 徐汉明[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属精神卫生中心,武汉430022

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2016年第4期354-357,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：武汉市卫生局资助课题（WG11D03）

摘　　要：目的分析听力残疾人孤独感的检出率及相关因素。方法多阶段分层随机整群抽取武汉市485例社区听力残疾人，完成一般情况问卷、单一问题孤独感自评量表和社会支持量表测评。结果听力残疾人客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度评分分别为（7．07±2．15）分、（17．66±4．52）分和（6．83±2．31）分，孤独感的检出率为52．4％。非已婚（β=0．85，OR=2．34，95％CI=1．49～3．67）、居住在农村（β=0．89，OR=2．43，95％CI=1．35～4．39）、独居或与他人合住（β=0．97，OR=2．63，95％CI=1．42～4．85）、一二级残疾（β=0．94，OR=2．55，95％CI=1．51～4．29）和低社会支持利用度（β=0．78，OR=2．17，95％CI=1．40～3．37）是听力残疾人孤独感风险升高的危险因素。结论听力残疾人孤独感检出率很高，非已婚、居住在农村、独居或与他人同住、残疾程度重和社会支持利用度低的听力残疾人是产生孤独感的高危群体。Objective To analyze the prevalence and associated factors of loneliness among individuals with hearing disability. Methods Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method, 485 community-residing hearing disabled persons were selected and administered with a general information questionnaire, one single-item loneliness self-rating question and social support scale. Results The scores of objective support,subjective support and support utilization were （7.07±2.15）, （17.66±4.52） and （6.83± 2.31 respectively） ,and the detection rate of loneliness was 52.4%. Unmarried status （β= 0.85, OR= 2.34, 95% CI = 1.49-3.67）,living in rural regions （β=0.89, 0R=2.43,95% CI = 1.35-4.39） ,living alone or coresidence with others （β= 0.97, OR= 2.63,95% CI = 1.42-4.85） , first and second degree of disability （β= 0.94, OR= 2.55 ,95% CI ：1,51-4.29） and low utilization of social support （β= 0.78, OR= 2.17,95% CI ： 1.40-3.37） were significantly associated with increased risk of loneliness in persons with hearing disability. Conclusion Loneliness is highly prevalent in individuals with hearing disability. Hearing disabled persons, who are unmarried, living in rural areas, living alone or co-residing with others, and severely disabled and having a low use of social support, are at high risk for feeling lonely.

关 键 词：听力残疾 孤独 流行病学 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] R764[哲学宗教—心理学]