复式耕整机耕深与耕宽稳定性分析与试验  

Analysis and experiment of tillage depth and width stability for plowing and rotary tillage combined machine

作　　者：秦宽[1,2] 丁为民[1,2] 方志超[1,2] 杜涛涛[1] 赵思琪[1] 王朕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031 [2]江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京210031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第9期1-8,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2013BAD08B04)

摘　　要：针对设计的复式耕整机出现的耕作稳定性问题,结合复式耕整机整体结构及工作原理,从牵引、水平面内受力、机器振动3个角度分析影响耕作稳定性因素,确定影响耕作稳定性关键因素为牵引角、犁体配置斜角、旋耕刀升角。以牵引角、犁体配置斜角、旋耕刀升角为试验因素,以工况耕深稳定系数和工况耕宽稳定系数为性能评价指标进行二次正交旋转组合试验。正交试验结果表明:试验因素对评价指标影响程度从高到低皆为:犁体配置斜角、牵引角、旋耕升角,当各影响因素分别取值为17.3°、27.8°、72.6°时,工况耕深稳定系数和工况耕宽稳定系数分别为91.8%、93.4%。以影响因素最优参数组合为基础进行的验证试验结果表明:试验后工况耕深稳定系数和工况耕宽稳定系数为91.5%、93.1%,与软件分析结果基本一致,且其他耕作指标均达到农艺要求。该研究可为复式整地机械的耕作稳定性研究提供技术参考。The plowing and rotary tillage combined machine developed in this study is a duplex-operation scarification machine designed with the combination of plough mechanism and rotary tillage mechanism in the front. Such a design allows the cultivator to accomplish multiple tasks simultaneously, such as plow tillage, rotary tillage, straw chopping for mulching, soil pulverization, soil covering, and surface leveling. To investigate the stability of the plowing and rotary tillage combined machine, the factors such as cultivator tillage stability were examined from 3 different aspects： traction, force analysis in the horizontal plane, and vibration analysis. The center of mass of the machine could be determined on the longitudinal vertical plane of the machine, where the traction line passing through the instantaneous center of rotation intersected with the vertical line passing through the center of mass. The traction angle（15°-30°）, i.e., the angle between traction line and horizontal line, was a crucial factor affecting tillage stability. The forces acting on the machine on the horizontal plane during operation were analyzed to obtain the plow tilt angle（23°-30°） from the equilibrium equations of the plough, rotary blade, and traction forces on the horizontal plane; the plow tilt angle affected tillage stability by directly impacting the force balance on the horizontal plane. From an analysis of the vibrational excitation during machine operation, it was determined that alternating load in rotary blade operations was the main source of machine vibration excitation. The lift angle of the rotary blade（54°-85°） affected the alternating load, therefore influencing tillage stability. The traction angle, plow tilt angle, and lift angle of the rotary blade were used as the experimental variables, and the stability coefficient under tillage depth-based working conditions and the stability coefficient under tillage width-based working conditions were used as the experimental indicators in a 3-factor/2-level

关 键 词：农业机械 优化 稳定性 犁旋作业 复式 耕深 耕宽 

分 类 号：S222.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]