《春秋》决狱与中国古代法制的真实关系  

The Real Relationship between Judging Cases by the Spirit of Chun Qiu and the Legal System of Ancient China

作　　者：吕志兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2016年第3期84-94,共11页Tribune of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：《春秋》决狱对中国古代法制起着破坏作用是学界通说,此观点颇有疑问。作为一种审判方式的《春秋》决狱,是在汉武帝"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"的背景下,在汉代疑狱奏谳制度的实施中,由中央司法机关廷尉处理疑难案件时率先采用并逐步盛行和制度化。《春秋》决狱制度是与制定法并列的判例法制度,是中国古代法制的有机组成部分。《春秋》决狱一方面受制定法的严格规制,另一方面对制定法有补阙纠偏的功能,是法律缺陷的修补机制,对中国古代法制的完备化起着重要的推动作用。In academic circles,it is generally assumed that judging cases by the spirit of Chun Qiu had a destructive effect on legal system of ancient China. However,such a viewpoint is debatable. As a mode of trial,judging cases by the spirit of Chun Qiu,under the context of＂paying supreme tribute to Confucianism while banning all other schools of thought＂executed by Emperor Wu of Han,was initially adopted by Ting Wei（ the central judiciary） when enforcing the system of reporting disputed cases（ If the lower judiciary is unable to decide a difficult case,it have to transfer the case to the higher judiciary.） and gradually popularized and institutionalized. Corresponding to statute law,judging cases by the spirit of Chun Qiu was a type of case law,and was an integral part of legal system of ancient China. On one hand,judging cases by the spirit of Chun Qiuwas strictly regulated by statute law,on the other hand,it could remedy defects and rectify errors of statute law,and was a mechanism of repairing defects of ancient law. Therefore it played an important role in improving the law of ancient China.

关 键 词：《春秋》决狱 疑狱奏谳制度 补阙纠偏功能 法律缺陷修补机制 

分 类 号：D909.2[政治法律—法学理论]