从伊里加蕾的女性主义解读《晃来晃去的人》中的女性形象  

An analysis of Women's Images in Bellow's Dangling Man from the Perspective of Irigaray's Feminism

作　　者：宁东[1] 杨劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院外国语学院

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2016年第1期108-117,138,共10页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

摘　　要：《晃来晃去的人》是美国著名犹太裔小说家索尔·贝娄的早期代表作。法国女性主义理论家伊里加蕾提出了女性被男性错误再现和女性话语权被男性压抑的观点,为更好地理解该小说中的女性形象提供了帮助。从伊里加蕾的女性主义视角解读《晃来晃去的人》中的女性形象可以发现,约瑟夫的妻子艾娃和红颜知己吉蒂属于被错误再现的女性形象,艾娃被他丈夫看作他的补充和反映,吉蒂则被约瑟夫看作一个玩伴。这种女性形象源于男性中心主义的社会,这种女性形象加深了我们对二战期间美国女性地位的了解。这种女性形象表明"二战"期间女性享受更多的自由却仍然受男性的控制;而主人公的岳母凯蒂和其侄女艾塔属于话语权被压抑的女性形象,约瑟夫的岳母的意见没有得到约瑟夫和她丈夫的尊重,而艾塔的意见被约瑟夫完全忽略。这种女性形象表明女性话语权的缺失是男性的异化和处于无根的状态的重要原因,因为在这种情况下像约瑟夫这样的男性拒绝与女性交流和接受外部世界;小说通过这两种女性形象的塑造,表明正确的女性观和对女性话语权的尊重是达成两性和谐的必由之路。Dangling Man is an early novel by Saul Bellow who is a famous Jewish American novelist. French Feminist Irigaray puts forward the ideas of women's being wrongly represented and women's voice being repressed and helps us better understand the novel. An analysis of women's images in Dangling Man from the perspective of Irigaray's feminism reveals the fact that Joseph's wife Iva and his confidante Kitty are women's images that are wrongly represented. Iva is considered by her husband as his compensation and reflection and Kitty is only considered as a play mate by Joseph. This kind of women images stems from a society with androcentrism and they deepen our understanding of American women's status during World War II. The two kinds of images show that in World War II women enjoyed more freedom but were still controlled by men. The protagonist's mother-in-law Katy and his niece Etta are women's images whose voices were repressed. The views of Joseph's mother-inlaw are neglected by Joseph and her husband and Etta's view is completely neglected by Joseph. This kind of women images illustrate the lack of women's discourse right contributes greatly to man's alienation and rootless state because in that situation men as Joseph refuse to communicate with the opposite sex and accept the outside world. With the shaping of the two kinds of women's images the novel illustrates the truth that correct views of women and respect for women's discourse right is the only way to achieve harmonious relationship between men and women.

关 键 词：《晃来晃去的人》 贝娄 伊里加蕾 女性主义 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]