高血压脑出血患者医院感染调查  

Prevalence of nosocomial infections in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

作　　者：王静[1] 梁进娟[1] 王晓[1] 徐丽敏[1] 孔培培[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第二附属医院神经康复科,河南郑州450014

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第9期2007-2008,2029,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划基金资助项目(082102310011)

摘　　要：目的探讨高血压脑出血患者医院感染的感染机制,为临床减少高血压脑出血患者医院感染的发生提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2012年4月-2015年4月医院收治的306例高血压脑出血患者临床资料,监测内容包括年龄、慢性肺病、血糖水平、吸烟史、心脏病、意识障碍等,分析高血压脑出血患者肺部感染的原因及感染病原菌类型;采用SPSS18.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 306例高血压脑出血患者中发生肺部感染89例,感染率为29.08%;年龄、慢性肺病、血糖水平、吸烟、心脏病和意识障碍,是导致高血压脑出血患者发生肺部感染的相关因素(P<0.05);89例高血压脑出血肺部感染患者共送检痰标本611份,分离出病原菌826株,其中革兰阴性菌560株占67.80%,革兰阳性菌175株占21.18%,真菌91株占11.02%。结论高血压脑出血患者肺部感染与年龄、慢性肺病、血糖水平、吸烟、心脏病和意识障碍等因素有关,针对相关危险因素采取积极的预防措施,可有效降低肺部感染率。OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of nosocomial infections in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage so as to reduce the incidence of the nosocomial infections in the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.METHODS A total of 306 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in the hospital from Apr 2012 to Apr 2015 were enrolled in the study,then the clinical data,involving the age,chronic pulmonary diseases,level of blood glucose,smoking history,heart disease,and disturbance of consciousness,were retrospectively analyzed,the causes of pulmonary infections and species of pathogens causing the infections were observed,and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS18.0software.RESULTS Of the 306 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage,89 had the pulmonary infections,with the infection rate29.08%.The related factors for the pulmonary infections in the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage included the age,chronic pulmonary diseases,level of blood glucose,smoking history,heart disease,and disturbance of consciousness（P〈0.05）.Totally 611 sputum specimens that were collected from 89 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients complicated with pulmonary infections were submitted,and 826 strains of pathogens were isolated,including 560（67.80%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,175（21.18%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 91（11.02%）strains of fungi.CONCLUSION The incidence of the pulmonary infections in the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is associated with the age,chronic pulmonary diseases,level of blood glucose,smoking,heart disease,and disturbance of consciousness.It is necessary to take active prevention measures aiming at the related risk factors so as to effectively reduce the incidence of the pulmonary infections.

关 键 词：高血压 脑出血 医院感染 调查与分析 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]