激活学术心脏地带:中国大学基层学术组织自治如何走向制度化  

To Activate Academic Heartland:How can Chinese Universities' Self-governance be Institutionalized

作　　者：姚荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学教育学院,北京100872

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2016年第2期72-79,共8页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"面向创新驱动发展战略的高校人才培养模式改革研究"(71373274);浙江省自然科学基金项目"基于EBP方法的普通本科院校专业退出标准研究:浙江实证"(LY16G030022)

摘　　要：大学作为底部沉重的组织,基层学术组织自治是激活其学术心脏地带的内在要求。作为具有国际声誉与典范价值的制度,基层学术组织自治如何在中国情境下"落地生根",是当前中国大学基层学术组织变革与创新的基本命题。受制于计划经济时期沿袭而来的"行政逻辑"的支配,大学基层学术组织呈现出自治能力、意愿与空间不足的现实困局,缺乏有效的资源配置权与人事权。基于学科逻辑的"研究型自治"与基于应用逻辑的"创业型自治",是大学基层学术组织自治的两种理想类型。从研究型自治迈向创业型自治,是激活学术心脏地带,实现大学基层学术组织自治制度化的重要发展趋势。以应用型研究为纽带的政产学研协同创新,是创业型自治的重要实现形式。作为一项复杂的变革议题,需将其置于大学组织特性、知识生产模式以及学科演进等高等教育内在规律和大学、国家、市场以及公民社会之间多层次、多维度互动的高等教育治理网络之间进行考量,实现学术自治逻辑与外部干预逻辑的辩证统一。It is essential to activate the central part of universities,which are bottom-heavy,basic academic organizations.Basic academic organization governance is a paradigmatic system with international reputation.How it may take root in China is the basic point for reform and innovation of academic organization self-governance at grass-roots level.Dominated by the political logic of the planned economy period,the academic organization of the university is characterized by the predicament of autonomous ability,aspiration and space shortage,and by the lack of effective resource allocation and personnel management.There are two ideal types of academic organization：research style of self-governance based on disciplinary logic and entrepreneurial style of selfgovernance based on application logic.It is necessary to shift from the research style to the entrepreneurial style.The shift is essential to activating the academic heartland and to institutionalizing academic self-governance at the grass-roots level of the university.The major means to achieve the shift is joint innovation of policy,production,study,and research linked by application research.As a complicated reform topic,the shift should be considered under the intrinsic laws including university organization characteristics,knowledge production mode,and disciplinary evolution and within the higher education governance network incorporating universities,nations,markets,citizens,and society,so as to achieve a dialectical unity between academic self-governance logic and external intervention logic.

关 键 词：基层学术组织自治 制度化 研究型自治 创业型自治 学术自治 

分 类 号：G644.6[文化科学—高等教育学]