消化内科医院感染病原菌分析与预防  

Characteristics of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in gastroenterology department and prevention measures

作　　者：赵新英[1] 王雨存[2] 潘素荣[1] 朱玉芹[3] 于晗[4] 

机构地区：[1]滨州市人民医院消化内科,山东滨州256610 [2]滨州市人民医院免疫风湿科,山东滨州256610 [3]滨州市人民医院公共卫生科,山东滨州256610 [4]山东大学,山东济南250011

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第10期2290-2292,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(2014ZRE27544)

摘　　要：目的探讨消化内科医院感染危险因素、病原菌特点及预防策略,为降低医院感染率提供参考。方法回顾性分析2013年5月-2015年7月医院消化内科收治的700例住院患者临床资料,记录医院感染率及病原菌构成;收集患者临床资料,分析导致医院感染的危险因素;采用SPSS16.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 700例住院患者发生医院感染25例,感染率3.6%;感染部位以消化道、上呼吸道和泌尿生殖系统为主,分别占28.0%、20.0%和20.0%;共分离出病原菌52株,其中革兰阴性菌34株占65.4%,革兰阳性菌13株占25.0%,真菌5株占9.6%;年龄>65岁、胃癌或食管癌等恶肿瘤患者、住院时间>7d、合并糖尿病、伴有侵入性操作、每日探视>3人、病程>2周的患者医院感染率显著上升(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,原发病、住院时间、合并糖尿病、伴有侵入性操作是消化内科住院患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素。结论原发病、住院时间、合并糖尿病、伴有侵入性操作,是消化内科住院患者发生医院感染的危险因素;临床上需要针对相关危险因素制定对应的预防策略,从而降低医院感染率。OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for nosocomial infections in department of gastroenterology,analyze the characteristics of pathogens,and put forward the prevention strategies so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.METHODS The clinical data of 700 hospitalized patients who were treated in the department of gastroenterology from May 2013 to Jul 2015 were retrospectively analyzed,the incidence of nosocomial infections and constituent ratios of pathogens were recorded,the clinical data were collected from the patients,the risk factors for the nosocomial infections were observed,and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS16.0software.RESULTS Of the 700 hospitalized patients,25 had nosocomial infections with the infection rate of 3.6%,of whom 28.0% had gastrointestinal tract infections,20.0% had upper respiratory tract infections,and 20.0% had urogenital system infections.A total of 52 strains of pathogens were isolated,including 34（65.4%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,13（25.0%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 5（9.6%）strains of fungi.The incidence of nosocomial infections was remarkably increased in the patients with more than 65 years of age,the patients with gastric cancer or esophageal cancer,the patients with length of hospital stay more than 7days,the patients complicated with diabetic mellitus,the patients receiving invasive procedures,the patients to whom more than 3people visited each day,or the patients with disease course more than 2weeks（P〈0.05）.The multivariate analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for the nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients of gastroenterology department included the primary disease,length of hospital stay,complication of diabetic mellitus,and invasive operations.CONCLUSION The risk factors for the nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients of gastroenterology department include the primary disease,length of hospital stay,complication of diabetic mellitus,and invasive operation

关 键 词：消化内科 医院感染 危险因素 病原菌 预防策略 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]