不同冲动水平男大学生的注意偏向特点  

Attentional bias in male college students with different level of impulsivity

作　　者：李文辉[1] 李婵[2] 但菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学学前与初等教育学院,沈阳110034 [2]辽宁石油化工大学石油与天然气工程学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2016年第5期384-388,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(15YJC190010);辽宁省教育科学"十二五"规划2015年度立项课题(JG15DB011);沈阳师范大学校内资助课题(L201515)

摘　　要：目的:探究不同冲动水平男性大学生对面孔表情的注意偏向特点。方法:选取男大学生161人,根据Barratt冲动性量表-11(BIS-11)总分,按前后各16%的比例选出高冲动组和低冲动组各25人进行行为实验。行为实验以高兴、愤怒和中性面孔表情图片为线索,采用线索-靶子任务来考察注意偏向。结果:线索-靶子任务的反应时结果显示,冲动性、线索和面孔表情三重交互作用有统计学意义(P=0.011),高冲动组在有效线索条件下,高兴表情比愤怒表情和中性表情反应时更快[(346.17±10.71)ms vs.(351.36±11.53)ms,(351.45±11.31)ms];在无效线索条件下,高兴表情比中性表情反应时更慢[(380.91±12.91)ms vs.(374.78±12.32)ms],与愤怒表情反应时[(378.73±11.33)ms]差异无统计学意义。低冲动组在有效和无效两种条件下均显示,高兴表情比中性表情反应时更快[(349.60±9.01)ms vs.(355.17±9.88)ms],与愤怒表情反应时[(351.83±9.33)ms]差异无统计学意义。结论:高冲动和低冲动男大学生均对高兴表情存在注意偏向,但是高冲动男大学生比低冲动男大学生更难从注意中解脱出来。Objective： To explore the characteristics of attentional bias in male college students with different level of impulsivity. Methods： According to the scores of Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 （BIS-11）, 50 students were selected from 161 male college students and divided into higher impulsivity group （with top 16% BIS- 11 scores, n = 25） and lower impulsivity group （with bottom 16% BIS-11 scores, n = 25）. Present study utilized a cue-target task, in which were set three different facial expressions （ happy, angry and neutral） as clue. Results： There was a significant three factors interaction effect among impulsivity, facial expression and cue （P = 0. 011） in the results of response times. In valid trials, higher impulsivity group had shorter reaction time to happy facial ex- pression than to angry and neutral facial expression [（346. 17 ± 10. 71） ms vs. （351.36 ± 11.53） ms, （351.45± 11.31） ms]. In invalid trials, their reaction times to happy facial expression [（380. 91 ± 12. 91） ms] were lon- ger than those to neutral facial expression [（374. 78 ± 12. 32） ms] and did not differ from those to angry facial ex- pression [（378.73 ± 11.33） ms]. For lower impulsivity group, in both valid and invalid trials, the reaction times to happy facial expression [ （349.60 ± 9. 01） ms] were shorter than those to neutral facial expression [ （355.17 ±9. 88） ms], while not different from those to angry facial expression [ （351.83± 9. 33） ms]. Conclusion： It sug- gests that both higher impulsivity and lower impulsivity male college students show attentional bias on happy expression, and the high mpulsivity ones have more attentional avoidance than lower impulsivity ones.

关 键 词：冲动性 面孔表情 注意偏向 男性大学生 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B842.2[哲学宗教—心理学]