农业直接补贴政策:文献综述与国别研究  

A Gricultural Direct Subsidy Policy:A Literature Review and Country Stndies

作　　者：汪小勤[1] 曾瑜[1] 王俊杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学,湖北武汉430074 [2]江西财经大学,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2016年第3期83-93,123-124,共11页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：华中科技大学自主创新研究基金项目(2014AA045)

摘　　要：农业直接补贴是现阶段我国财政支农的重要方式之一。2016年中央"一号文件"明确提出进一步改进农业直接补贴方式,确保粮食增产和农民增收。鉴于我国学术界对于农业直接补贴的作用机制、作用效果及其不良影响的认识存在不足,因此分别从欧美农业政策改革的背景及意义、农业直接补贴对粮食产量的促进机制、农业直接补贴的产出效应、农业直接补贴的环境效应、农业直接补贴对农业收入的转移效率和不同生产组织形式下农业直接补贴的收益分配六个方面将国内外研究成果进行梳理。农业直接补贴虽然促进了产出增加,但可能会带来负面的环境效应;虽然直接补贴的转移效率较高,但通过影响土地价值和租金可以在土地所有者与土地生产者之间进行重新分配。Direct subsidy is a important way of financial support for agriculture department in China. In order to enhance the production and income of farmers,the Central No.1 Document explicitly proposed tofurther improve the pattern of direct subsidy. And there are deficiencies in the understanding on the overall effects of direct subsidy and their mechanisms in Chinese academia. Therefore, this paper explores the literatures of domestic and foreign researchers on direct subsidy from the following six aspects: the background and significance of agricultural policy reform in Europe and America, the mechanism of direct subsidy's effects, the effects of direct subsidy on production, the effects of direct subsidy on environment, the transfer efficiency on farmers' income as well as the incidence of subsidy under different forms of organization. We conclude that expanding the scale of direct agricultural subsidy can boost production, but may be harmful to the environment from both intensive and extensive margin;and direct subsidy is efficient in transfer income but may be redistributed between landlords and farmers through affecting land value and rent. Subsequently, we offer policy recommendations on popularizing agricultural direct subsidy.

关 键 词：农业直接补贴 产出效应 环境效应 转移效率 补贴收益分配 

分 类 号：F33[经济管理—产业经济]