轨道车辆用弹性橡胶垫非线性模型研究  

The non-linear constitutive model of elastic rubber mat for rail vehicles

作　　者：杨俊[1] 池茂儒[1] 朱旻昊[1] 曾京[1] 邬平波[1] 沈奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司新材料检测中心,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2016年第2期291-297,共7页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：973计划资助项目(2011CB711100);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(61134002);教育部创新团队资助项目(IRT1178)

摘　　要：轨道车辆用橡胶弹性元件具有复杂的非线性动态特性,目前橡胶材料的本构模型难以准确描述其幅值特性与频变特性。通过并联Berg摩擦力单元与标准线性固体分数微分本构模型建立新的橡胶弹性元件非线性动态力学模型,其中Berg摩擦力单元用以表征橡胶弹簧动态特性的振幅相关性,标准线性固体分数微分本构模型用以表征橡胶弹簧动态特性的频率相关性。通过与橡胶垫垂向振动试验数据,拟合出新建非线性模型以及对比模型的各参数值。将各模型仿真值与试验数据进行对比分析,发现新建立的非线性模型相比等效模型、传统标准线性固体模型与标准线性固体分数微分模型,能够更准确地描述橡胶垫动态特性的幅变效应与频变效应。The elastic rubber elements for rail vehicles present complex non-linear dynamic characteristics generally, and constitutive models of rubber materials for now can＇t describe both the amplitude dependence and the frequency dependence accurately. A non-linear dynamic rubber spring model was proposed, which consists of a Berg friction unit and standard linear solid fractional derivative model in parallel. The model can describe the damping dependence of both displacement amplitude and frequency by Berg friction unit and standard linear solid fractional derivative model. By the comparison with the experimental results, the parameters of the newly built model and the compared models. The comparison shows that the newly proposed model can describe the real dynamic characteristics of rubber mat better than the equivalent model, the SLS model and the SLSFD model.

关 键 词：橡胶垫 动态特性 分数导数 摩擦力 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]