论刑事诉讼中勘验、检查笔录的证据能力  

Evidence Capacity on the Records of View and Inspection in Criminal Procedure

作　　者：宋维彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《现代法学》2016年第2期174-188,共15页Modern Law Science

摘　　要：刑事诉讼中勘验、检查笔录的应然范围应当仅包括五官感知类笔录,不应包括搜查、扣押类笔录与证据提取类笔录,其在证据属性上应当属于言词证据。国外在勘验、检查笔录证据能力立法模式的设置上,存在传闻证据模式与直接言词模式两类,我国宜选择传闻证据模式,但同时应当借鉴直接言词模式的成功经验。针对我国勘验、检查笔录缺乏证据能力规则约束,勘验、检查人员出庭作证缺乏规制的问题,应当对勘验、检查笔录的证据能力规则予以建构。勘验、检查笔录原则上不具备证据能力,应当要求法庭审判时法官亲自进行勘验、检查或者侦查人员出庭作证。勘验、检查笔录只有符合以"可信性之情况保障"与"必要性"为设置标准的例外情形时,才具备证据能力。In sense perception, inspection are oral Criminal Procedure, the records of view and inspection should include only the notes through and do not include the notes through search, detention or extraction. The records of view and evidence on the property of evidence. In other countries, there are hearsay mode and directverbal mode on the experience of direct set of evidence verbal mode at capacity rules. We should draw the hearsay mode and adopt the successful inspection lacks of rule -bound and the same time. Because of the evidence capacity of the records of view and the investigators do not testify in court, the evidence capacity rules should be constructed. There is no evidence capacity to the records of view and inspection in principle, and the trial judges should carry out the views and the inspections personally or the investigators testify in court. There is evidence capacity to the records of view and inspection only when the exceptions meet the ＂credibility of the secu- rity situation＂ and ＂necessity＂ standards.

关 键 词：勘验、检查笔录 传闻法则 直接言词原则 证据能力 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]