蛋鸡暗斑蛋形成机理的研究进展  

Research Progress on Formation of Translucent Eggshell

作　　者：王德贺[1] 华丽娜[1] 高亚辉[1] 刘敬寿 杨旭凯[1] 宁中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]北京中农榜样蛋鸡育种有限责任公司,北京102199

出　　处：《中国家禽》2016年第8期44-48,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41)

摘　　要：蛋壳暗斑是一种蛋壳质量问题,主要是在内容物水分、蛋壳结构、环境等因素的相互作用下形成。文章综述了蛋壳暗斑的发生、分布、变化等规律,并从暗斑蛋蛋壳结构和基因变异等角度介绍了影响暗斑蛋形成的因素和可能导致暗斑蛋形成的原因。基于暗斑蛋蛋壳乳突层结构变异、蛋壳孔隙率增大、蛋壳基质蛋白含量增多、蛋鸡子宫部钙结合蛋白mRNA表达量的减少,蛋壳乳突层变异被认为可能是形成暗斑的根本原因。此外,近年来有研究证明,暗斑蛋的蛋壳膜厚度显著低于正常蛋,这可能是形成壳暗斑的一个重要因素。因此,关于蛋壳膜结构变异的研究还有待推进。Translucent eggshell is a serious problem in shell quality,which is formed by complex interaction among moisture, eggshell structure and external environment. The paper reviewed the occurring, distribution, and changes of eggshell translucency, and some potential reasons for translucent eggshell formation in term of eggshell uhrastructure and genetic variations among hens. In terms of variations of ultrastructure in eggshell mammillary layer, larger porosity in eggshell, higher proportion of eggshell matrix protein, and lower expression of CaBP mRNA in shell gland of translucent egg hens, variations in eggshell mammillary layer was considered as major reason for translucent eggshell formation. In addition,thinner eggshell membrane in translucent egg was reported recent years,which may be an important factor for solving the problem. Thus, detailers of eggshell membrane variations need further research.

关 键 词：暗斑蛋 水分 蛋壳微观结构 蛋壳膜 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]