米糠替代部分玉米的高纤维日粮对苏淮母猪健康及脂肪相关指标的影响  

Effect of rice bran partially replacement of corn in diets on health and fatty acid metabolism in Suhuai pigs

作　　者：郝帅帅[1,2] 张叶秋 马翔[1,2] 高硕[1,2] 吴艳[1,3] 李强[3] 李平华[1,2] 黄瑞华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学养猪研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学淮安研究院,江苏淮安223005 [3]淮安市淮阴种猪场,江苏淮安223322

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2016年第5期18-25,共8页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划(2015BAD03B02-4);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[(CX(15)1006)];中央高校基本业务费(KYCYL201502);淮安市科技支撑计划(农业)项目(SN13094);江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2014]138);江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2015]319)

摘　　要：苏淮猪是我国自主培育的具有耐粗特性的新品种,米糠是我国生猪养殖常用的纤维日粮。本试验旨在研究米糠替代部分玉米的高纤维日粮对苏淮猪健康及脂肪相关指标的影响,为制定适宜于苏淮猪的高纤维日粮奠定基础。试验选用48头苏淮母猪,初始体重为(52.60±0.79)kg,随机分配到对照组和试验组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头猪,分别饲喂对照组日粮(玉米-豆粕型日粮,CD)和试验组日粮(米糠替代部分玉米的高纤维日粮,RBD)。试验期为75 d。饲喂期结束后进行屠宰采样,采集肠道黏膜、血液、板油、花油及皮下脂肪样品进行分析测定。结果表明:与对照组相比,在健康指标方面,试验组的苏淮猪的血小板数目和血小板压积显著降低,其他血液免疫指标和肠道黏膜免疫指标无显著差异。在脂肪相关指标方面,试验组苏淮猪的板油率、花油率、背膘厚和血液生化指标均无显著差异;皮下脂肪中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)的含量、单不饱和脂肪酸/多不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA/PUFA)、饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸(SFA/UFA)均极显著降低,不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量均极显著升高;与对照组相比,试验组苏淮猪的皮下脂肪中,SCD的表达量显著高于对照组。用米糠替代部分玉米的高纤维日粮饲喂苏淮猪能显著降低其血小板数目和血小板压积,同时增加皮下脂肪的不饱和脂肪酸含量,降低饱和脂肪酸含量。Suhuai pig is a cultivated breed which is more tolerant of high-fiber diet than modern commercial breeds. The nutrient composition of rice bran indicates its potential use as a dietary ingredient for pigs. In order to investigate the possibility of replacing partial corn with rice bran in diets of pigs,48 female Suhuai pigs with average body weight of（ 52. 60±0. 79） kg were allocated into two groups,6 replicates per group with 4 pigs per replicate 4 pigs per replicate. The duration of the formal experiment was 75 d. Pigs in the control and experimental groups were fed with conventional diet（ CD） or experimental diet（ diet with 34. 8% rice bran,RBD）,respectively. Initial and terminal body weights of each pig was obtained individually. At the end of the experiment,all pigs were slaughtered. Samples of intestinal mucosa,blood,leaf fat,caul fat and subcutaneous fat were collected for measurement. Our results indicated that the platelet count and platelet deposited of pigs in RBD group was lower than that of those in CD group. In fatty acid metabolism,the content of saturated fatty acids（ SFA）,single unsaturated fatty acids,MUFA / PUFA,SFA / UFA of subcutaneous fat in Suhuai pigs in RBD group were significantly lower than that of those in CD group. But,compared with control group,the content of unsaturated fatty acid（ UFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acids（ PUFA） were significantly increased. Diets with rice bran partially replacement of corn can significantly reduce the platelet count and platelet deposited of Suhuai pigs. Furthermore,in the subcutaneous fat of Suhuai pigs in RBD group,the content of unsaturated fatty acid was increased and the content of saturated fatty acid reduced.

关 键 词：苏淮猪 米糠 健康指标 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]