循环海水养殖系统中生物膜快速形成的模拟试验  

Simulation Test of Rapid Biofilm Formation in a Recycling Aquaculture System in a Lab

作　　者：王硕[1] 刘万鑫 杜荣斌[2] 由翠荣[1] 付学军[1] 梁丽琨[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264005 [2]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《水产科学》2016年第3期244-249,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-14-011-02);山东省科技发展计划项目(2013GNC11037;2013YD15011)

摘　　要：在20L水箱中加入15L人工污水模拟工厂化循环水养殖系统的生物滤池,采用优势菌种挂膜法,对滤材种类、混合菌液添加比例及接种次数等条件进行了优化,确定了快速挂膜的最佳实验室工作条件。在21d内对试验水体中的NH＋4、NO-3和NO-2进行了监测。试验结果显示,最优试验条件为使用塑料弹性滤材作为生物膜载体,每7d接种1次优势菌液,硝化细菌∶反硝化细菌∶芽孢菌∶动胶菌添加比例为2∶1∶1∶1,在此条件下,第7d开始形成生物膜,第14d生物膜基本形成,第21d形成均匀完整的生物膜。成熟的生物膜在15d内对水体NH＋4的最大降解量可超过5.00mg/L,即成熟生物膜降解NH＋4的速率为每日降解超过0.50mg/L。当初始NH＋4为5.00~10.00mg/L,成熟生物膜对NH＋4和NO-2的降解能力在15d内可达到上限。Fifteen liters of artificial wastewater were added into a 20 L tank to imitate recirculating aqua- culture system,and laboratory conditions of rapid biofilm formation were optimized including biofilm carri- er types, inoculation proportion and frequency of the mixed functional bacteria. The concentrations of NH＋ , NOr and NO-2 in the experimental water were monitored during the rapid biofilm formation. The re- sults showed that the optimal rapid biofilm formation was found under the conditions of elastic filter as bio- film carrier,and feeding dominant bacteria per 7 days with the mixing ratio of nitrobacteria： denitrifying bacteria ： Bacillus ： Zoogleae itzigsohn --2 ： 1 ： 1 ： 1. Under these conditions, the biofilm was observed on the seventh day,almost complete on the fourteenth day and mature on the twenty-first day. The purif- ying efficiency trial indicated that the maximum removal of NH4＋ by mature biofilm was over 5.00 mg/L within 15 days,with the maximal NHF degradation rate of over 0.50 mg/L per day. The maximal removal of NH4＋ and NO-2 was found within 15 days at initial NH＋ concentration from 5.00 mg/L to 10.00 mg/L.

关 键 词：生物膜 快速形成 循环海水养殖 

分 类 号：S969.38[农业科学—水产养殖]