2013年本溪市青少年伤害的横断面调查  

A cross-section survey on adolescent harm in Benxi City,2013

作　　者：牛文华[1] 翟玲玲[1] 任时[2] 任凌云[3] 赵剑[4] 刘倩男[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,辽宁沈阳110122 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所 [3]中国医科大学 [4]沈阳药科大学GLP中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2016年第6期697-701,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然基金青年基金(30800920)

摘　　要：目的通过调查本溪市青少年健康相关行为,了解本溪市青少年伤害的发生情况。方法 2013年12月采用多阶段分层整群抽样抽取本溪市城市和乡村3所初中,3所高中共3 610名调查对象,发放北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所编制的《中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》,由经过培训的专业人员利用学生课余时间组织全体学生独立匿名填写。计算本溪市青少年伤害行为发生率,χ2检验分析不同人群发生率的差异。结果本溪市调查发现青少年自杀意念、自杀计划、尝试自杀和有意伤害自己的发生率分别为12.78%、8.24%、5.81%和19.57%。高中生自杀计划的发生率为9.39%,高于初中生7.27%(χ2=4.28,P=0.04);青少年伤害相关行为—步行违规,骑车违规,非安全场所游泳,非安全场所滑冰,在楼梯上追跑打闹、互相推搡,攀爬屋顶、爬树或其他危险地方,为了逞能而做危险动作,翻栏杆、墙头、校门等障碍物,在玩滚轴溜冰、滑板车等时不戴保护装备,身上带有棍棒、刀具、鞭炮等危险物品,危险方法放鞭炮或和同伴互相扔鞭炮玩,食用陌生人给的食物或饮料,误服药品,被约会对象殴打的发生率分别为27.75%、49.84%、13.62%、16.94%、24.23%、18.04%、11.59%、8.44%、12.86%、10.52%、8.01%、4.80%、4.89%和3.79%。男生(73.41%、48.02%、17.37%、20.27%、29.15%、21.56%、16.31%、11.98%、17.00%、14.77%、12.89%、7.42%、6.56%和5.42%)显著高于女生(70.37%、52.40%、11.37%、14.27%、19.69%、14.71%、6.88%、4.90%、8.79%、6.28%、3.05%、2.15%、3.23%和2.15%)(P<0.05)。初中生非安全场所游泳(16.42%),在楼梯上追跑打闹、互相推搡(27.97%),为了逞能而做危险动作(12.11%)和在玩滚轴溜冰、滑板车等时不戴保护装备(15.74%)显著高于高中生的12.25%、20.88%、11.30%和10.17%(P<0.05);而初中生步行违规(68.96%),攀爬屋顶、爬树或其他危险地方(1.50%),翻栏杆、墙头、校门等障碍物(7.44%),�Objective To study the prevalence of adolescent harm by surveying adolescent health related behaviors in Benxi City. Methods A total of 3,610 adolescents from three middle schools and three high schools were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in Benxi City in December, 2013. The Chinese Adolescent Health Related Behaviors Questionnaire designed by the Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University was used . The trained professionals organized the participants to fill out the forms independently and anonymously. The incidence of harm was calculated, and Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference among different groups. Results The incidence of suicide ideation, suicide plan, attempt suicide and intentional harm were 12.78%, 8.24%, 5.81% and 19.57%, respectively. The incidence of suicide plan was higher in the high school（9.39% ） than in the middle school（7.27%） （χ^2= 4.28,P= 0.04）. The incidences of adolescent health related behaviors, walking violations, cycling violations, swimming in unsafe places, skating in unsafe places, chasing slapstick on stairs or pushing each other, climbing roofs, trees or other dangerous places, dangerous acts of sheer bravado, turning over obstacles like balustrades, walls and school gates, skating or playing scooter without protective equipments, carrying dangerous substances like sticks, knives and firecrackers, playing firecrackers in dangerous ways, eating food from strangers, drug misusage, and being beaten by dates were 27.75%, 49.84%, 13.62%, 16.94%, 24.23%, 18.04%, 11.59%, 8.44%, 12.86%, 10.52%, 8.01%, 4. 80%, 4.89% and 3.79%, respectively. The incidences of boys （73.41%, 48.02%, 17.37%, 20.27%, 29.15%, 21.56%, 16. 31%, 11.98%, 17.00%, 14.77%, 12.89% ,7.42%, 6.56% and 5.42%） were significantly higher than those of girls（70.37%, 52.40%, 11.37%, 14.27%, 19.69%, 14.71%, 6.88%, 4.90%, 8.79%, 6.28%, 3.05%, 2.15%, 3.23% and 2.15%） （P〈 0.05 ）.The incidences of swim in unsafe places （ 16.42% ） , chasing slap

关 键 词：青少年 伤害 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]