北京城区居家老年人生活习惯与中医体质类型的相关性  

Relationship between Life Habits and Constitution Types of Chinese Medicine in the Senile Living at Home in Beijing Downtown

作　　者：石劢[1] 刘兆兰[2] 许美艳[3] 陈杰[4] 林兵[1] 于永超[1] 马小陶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院营养科,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学循证医学中心,北京100029 [3]航天中心医院营养科,北京100049 [4]中日友好医院预防保健科,北京100029

出　　处：《中国中西医结合杂志》2016年第5期564-569,共6页Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(No.NCET-13-0694);北京市科技新星计划资助项目(No.Z131107000413031)

摘　　要：目的调查北京城区居家老年人的中医体质分布情况,并探讨其与生活习惯的相关性。方法采用中医体质量表对北京市3 894名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行中医体质辨识,同时调查其人口社会学特征、疾病情况及饮食、运动、睡眠等生活习惯。采用多因素Logistic回归分析中医体质与生活习惯的相关性。结果老年人中平和质1 111名,占28.53%;偏颇体质2 783名,占71.47%。偏颇体质的前3位分别为气虚质(662名,占17.00%),阳虚质(445名,占11.43%),血瘀质(363名,占9.32%)。单因素方差分析结果表明,不同中医体质的老年人饮食习惯、运动习惯和睡眠习惯有差异(P<0.05)。以平和质为参考,排除人口统计学指标和慢性病史等指标后进行多因素Logistic回归分析,气虚质与饮食喜热(OR=1.349,P=0.015),阳虚质与饮食喜热(OR=2.448,P<0.01),痰湿质与饮食喜炙烤(OR=2.144,P=0.003),湿热质与饮食喜甘甜(OR=1.355,P=0.032)及喜饮茶(OR=1.359,P=0.047),血瘀质与饮食喜热(OR=1.422,P=0.017),气郁质与饮食喜热(OR=1.446,P=0.031)关联程度最高。经常运动与气虚质(OR=0.397,P<0.01)、阳虚质(OR=0.522,P<0.01)、痰湿质(OR=0.475,P<0.01)、湿热质(OR=0.647,P=0.015)、血瘀质(OR=0.608,P=0.001)、气郁质(OR=0.541,P=0.001)及特禀质(OR=0.466,P<0.01)等偏颇体质呈负相关。早睡早起与痰湿质(OR=0.414,P<0.01)、湿热质(OR=0.536,P=0.015)、血瘀质(OR=0.515,P=0.004)及特禀质(OR=0.526,P=0.039)等偏颇体质呈负相关。结论不同中医体质类型有与之关联程度较高的生活习惯,培养良好的生活习惯有利于改善偏颇的中医体质。Objective To investigate the distribution of constitution types of Chinese medicine（CM） in the elderly living at home in Beijing downtown, and to explore its relationship with life habits. Methods A total of 3 894 senile more than 60 years old were enrolled in this study. Their constitution types of CM were typed using CM con-stitution questionnaire. Meanwhile, their demographic features, disease condition, diet habits, exercise habits, sleep habits, and so on were investigated. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between life habits and constitution types of CM. Results The number of mild type constitution senile was 1 111（28. 53%） and the number of biased constitutions 2 783（71. 47%）. Biased constitutions of the top three were qi deficiency constitution（662, 17. 00%）, yang deficiency constitution（445, 11. 43%）, and blood stasis constitution（363, 9. 32%）. Univariate analysis showed that different habits of diet, exercise, and sleep exist among the senile of different constitutions（P〈0. 05）. By taking mild type constitution, multivariate Logistic regression analysis（except demographic indices and chronic history） showed that significantly positive correlation existed between qi defi-ciency constitution and favor for hot food（OR = 1. 349, P = 0. 015）, yang deficiency constitution and favor for hot food（OR = 2. 448, P〈0. 01）, phlegm-wetness constitution and favor for barbecue food（OR = 2. 144, P = 0. 003）,wet-heat constitution and favor for sweet food（OR = 1. 355, P = 0. 032）, wet-heat constitution and favor for tea（OR= 1. 359, P = 0. 047）, blood stasis constitution and favor for hot food（OR = 1. 422, P = 0. 017）, and qi depression constitution and favor for hot food（OR = 1. 446,P = 0. 031）. Regular exercise had negative correlation with qi deficiency constitution（OR = 0. 397, P〈0. 01）, yang deficiency constitution（OR = 0. 522, P〈0. 01）, phlegm-wetness constitution（OR = 0. 475, P〈0. 01）, wet

关 键 词：老年人 生活习惯 中医体质 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]