从清代“内廷行走”看朝臣的“近侍化”倾向  

The Tendency of the Courtiers to Become the Palace Attendants:The Title “Concurrently Serving in the Inner Court”in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：祁美琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学清史研究所

出　　处：《清史研究》2016年第2期1-25,共25页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要："内廷行走"是清代特有的官称,它的出现与朝臣的"近侍化"密切相关。本文通过梳理"内廷行走"人员的构成、来源、身份及其职事特点,认为这些行走内廷的重臣,在日值内廷、与谋国事的同时,实际上已经在皇帝身边形成了"要职"再聚合的办事机制。而朝政处理日趋"内廷化"的结果,使决策越来越突出皇帝的个人意志,朝臣的身份本质上也在向皇帝的"近臣"和"近侍"转变。"内廷行走"官称的出现并非孤立现象,而是与"内廷官"、"内廷王公大臣"、"办事大臣"等概念和术语一样,体现了清代皇权高度集中并在官僚体制上发生的重要变化和特征。＂Concurrently serving in the inner court＂ was a specific official tile in the Qing dynasty. The creation of the title was closely related to the tendency of courtiers to become the palace attendants. This article explores the composition, sources, status and duties of courtiers who served in the inner court, and suggests that these officials were present every day and consulted by the emperor, thereby concentrating of the most important state affairs around the emperor. This gave rise to decisions being made by the emperor＇ s will. The status of the courtier were thus transformed into palace attendants. Concurrently serving in the inner court along with other titles such as ＂officials in the inner court,＂ ＂princess and ministers in the inner court＂, and ＂commissioned Amban＂ embodied the supremacy the of the emperorship and the important changes in the imperial bureaucracy.

关 键 词：内廷行走 朝臣 近侍化 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]