遗忘型轻度认知障碍与非痴呆型血管性认知障碍的自由回忆损害特点  

Characteristics of free recall impairment in aMCI and non-dementia VCI patients

作　　者：孙庆娜[1] 程焱[1] 任洪磊 邵晶皓 张楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院神经内科天津市神经病学研究所,300052

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2016年第5期505-509,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81500926);国家临床重点专科建设项目(2015-11-18);天津市科技计划项目(13ZCZDSY01900)

摘　　要：目的分析遗忘型轻度认知障碍（amnesiac-mild cognitive impairment,aMCI）与非痴呆性血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia,VCIND）在词语自由回忆中的记忆策略和系列位置效应的特点。方法连续纳入2014年4月-2015年6月在天津医科大学总医院认知障碍专科门诊就诊的aMCI患者（aMCI组）和VCIND患者（VCIND组）各50例,同时纳入性别和年龄相匹配的健康老年人38例为对照组。通过霍普金斯词语学习测试评估3组记忆力、语义聚集率和系列位置效应。结果与对照组比较,aMCI组和VCIND组的学习回忆[（18.87±3.93）分、（19.38±4.02）分vs（25.24±3.69）分]、延迟回忆[（4.13±1.52）分、（5.93±1.51）分vs（8.55±1.46）分]、学习语义聚集率[（0.31±0.09）%、（0.36±0.09）%vs（0.41±0.10）%]、延迟语义聚集率[（0.28±0.13）%、（0.41±0.14）%vs（0.52±0.12）%]和首因效应（0.29±0.08,0.32±0.09 vs 0.38±0.05）均降低（P〈0.01）,而3组学习回忆的近因效应无明显差异（P〉0.05）。与VCIND组比较,aMCI组延迟回忆中的正确回忆和语义聚集率及首因效应均明显降低（P〈0.05）。结论 aMCI与VCIND患者均存在不同程度的语义记忆和位置记忆策略受损,且aMCI组更严重;aMCI和VCIND的近因效应相对保留。Objective To analyze the characteristics of free recall impairment in aMCI and VCI non dementia（VCIND）patients.Methods One hundred patients admitted to our hospital from April2014 to June 2015 were divided into aMCI group（n=50）and VCIND group（n=50）with 38 ageand sex-matched healthy elderly persons served as a control group in this study.Their memory,semantic clustering ratio and serial position effect were assessed according to the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test.Results The scores of learning recall,delayed recall,semantic clustering ratio and primacy position effect were significantly lower in aMCI and VCIND group than in control group（18.87±3.93 vs 25.24±3.69,19.38±4.02 vs 25.24±3.69;4.13±1.52 vs 8.55±1.46,5.93±1.51 vs 8.55±1.46;0.31%±0.09% vs0.41%±0.10%,0.36%±0.09% vs0.41%±0.10%;0.28%±0.13%vs0.52%±0.12%,0.41%±0.14%vs0.52%±0.12%;0.29±0.08 vs 0.38±0.05,0.32±0.09 vs 0.38±0.05;P〈0.01）.However,no significant difference was found in recency effect among the 3groups（P〉0.05）.The scores of delayed recall,semantic clustering ratio and primacy position effect were significantly lower in aMCI group than in VCIND group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Semantic and position memory are impaired in aMCI and VCIND patients and much more severely impaired in aMCI patients.The recency effect is relatively preserved in aMCI and VCIND patients.

关 键 词：认知障碍 遗忘 痴呆 血管性 记忆障碍 早期诊断 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]