当文化成为一种“治理术”——从“官箴”看清代州县官员的文化职能  

When Culture Becomes a Method of Governing——Exploring Cultural Duty of the State Officials in the Qing Dynasty from the Official Books

作　　者：曲长海[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2016年第2期91-97,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"满汉文化整合与明代遗民的变迁研究"(12BZS035)

摘　　要：在清代的国家治理中,教化百姓、建设符合国家治理目标的地方文化是州县官员的职责之一。关于州县官员具体该如何对百姓进行教化、建设地方文化,在清代的官箴书中有充分的讨论。官箴书的编纂者建议,州县官员可从"去弊"与"建设"两个方面来建设地方文化,即一方面通过颁布法令、重点打击等手段来禁止影响地方社会风俗的活动;另一方面,州县官员通过直接或间接的教育、圣谕的宣讲与传播、义学的建设与管理以及对模范人物的表彰与保护等手段对地方百姓进行教化。与当代文化事业建设不同的是,清代地方文化建设仅仅是为了提高他们眼中所谓的"愚民"对儒家社会道德伦理的认同。Educating common people and building local culture in line with national governance objectives is one of the county officials＇ responsibilities in the state governance of the Qing Dynasty. There are many discussions about how to civilize the common people and build local culture in the county officials specifically in the Official Books of the Qing Dynasty. The compilers of Official Books suggest that the county officials can build local culture in two aspects,＂to eliminate negative effects＂and ＂build a new culture＂. On the one hand,they should prohibit activities which are harmful to local customs by issuing laws and focusing on combating. On the other hand,they should civilize the common people by propagating decree directly or indirectly,constructing and managing free schools,commending and protecting the model figures. Different from the culture constructing of the contemporary era,the culture constructing of the Qing Dynasty is only to enhance the so- called ＂fools＂acceptation of Confucian social ethics.

关 键 词：清代 州县官 地方治理 教化 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]