有机-无机钙钛矿晶体生长调控研究进展  

Recent Advances in Controllable Growth of Lead Halide Perovskite Crystals

作　　者：栾梦雨 刘晓倩[1] 陈方[1] 魏香风 刘节华[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院未来能源实验室,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期276-285,共10页Journal of Henan University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21303038)

摘　　要：钙钛矿太阳能电池是近5年太阳能转化利用领域的研究热点,受到国内外研究者的广泛关注.ABX3钙钛矿不但具有快速传递空穴和电子的能力,而且具有强而宽的可见光吸收性能.介观和平面结构钙钛矿薄膜电池是并重发展的钙钛矿太阳能电池.其小于1!m钙钛矿光活性层使得器件对钙钛矿层的结晶度和成膜性有着较高的要求.通过控制钙钛矿的结晶方式和质量来提高膜的性能就成为了提高电池光电转化效率的重要方式之一.第一部分综述了各种制备条件下利用一步法和两步法合成ABX3太阳能电池钙钛矿薄膜.进一步通过提高钙钛矿材料的晶体质量,将钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转化效率从3.8%提高到20%.此外,和钙钛矿薄膜相比,钙钛矿大晶体不但具有较长的载流子传输路径,而且结构更加完整,更有利排除其他因素的干扰,增进对钙钛矿结构的深入解析.因此第二部分重点介绍了钙钛矿单晶的性能和制备方法,并对其在太阳能电池和光电探测器中的应用做了初步展望.In recent years, the lead halide perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention in the world. Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite （ABX3） not only is the superior carrier （electron and hole） transport materials, but also exhibits the strong absorbance for broad UV Vis light. The planar ABX3 solar cell is an important novel solar cell as well as mesoporous ABX3 solar cell. Because ABXa is so thin （〈 1 μm） that the devices have the higher requirements for the crystallinity and film forming of ABX3 films. Therefore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of ABX3 solar cells could be improved by enhancing the film performance including crystallization methods and film quality. In the first part of this review, the routes were summarized to synthesize the perovskite films of solar cells by using one step and two-step methods. The efficiencies of cell were rapidly enhanced from 3.8% to 20%. In addition, compared with perovskite film, the bulk ABX3 single crystals have a longer carrier transmission path, and their structures are very complete, which is more advantageous to exclude the interference of other factors and to promote the further investigations of the perovskite structures.Therefore, the performance and synthesis methods of the bulk ABX3 single crystals were re-viewed in the second section. Moreover, the potential applications of the bulk crystals were also proposed in the perovskite solar cells and photo detectors.

关 键 词：钙钛矿太阳能电池 光探测器 钙钛矿薄膜 单晶生长 

分 类 号：TB914[一般工业技术—计量学]