考虑持续时间因素的铁路环境振动影响评价  

Evaluation of train-induced environmental vibrations considering the factor of exposure time

作　　者：马蒙[1] 刘维宁[1] 王文斌[2] 姜博龙 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]中国铁道科学研究院城市轨道交通中心,北京100081

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第10期207-211,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：科技部对欧盟科技合作专项经费(266248)资助项目

摘　　要：振动持续时间是影响人体健康和烦恼程度的重要因素,而国内现有环境振动评价指标不能区分不同列车振动的持续时间。为解决这一问题,提出了列车通过时暴露振级的概念和计算方法。暴露振级综合考虑了振动幅值、频率和持续时间三种因素,可以有效反映敏感目标接收到列车通过的振动能量。给出了确定暴露振级计算时间段的方法,并通过对三条客货混跑线路的环境振动测试,对比分析了地表暴露振级和最大Z振级的衰减。研究表明:1由于通过时间长,货运列车的暴露振级明显超过普通客运列车和时速120 km/h的动车组;2采用暴露振级可以更有效地反映不同类型列车对人体影响的真实情况;3采用暴露振级可以更合理地确定环境振动防护距离。Vibration duration is an important factor influencing the human health and annoyance.Existing vibration descriptors can not distinguish the vibration duration of different trains.In order to solve this problem,the concept of vibration exposure level （VEL）and its calculation method were presented.The VEL can describe effectively the received vibration energy from the passage of trains at sensitive locations,as all three factors of vibration magnitude,frequency and exposure time were considered.Then,a method for determining the train pass-by time was suggested.The in-situ measurements were performed on three railway lines where both passage and freight trains run on the same tracks.The attenuations of the VEL and maximum Z-vibration level were compared and analysed.The results show that：with long pass-by time,the VEL of freight trains is obviously larger than that of regular passage trains and bullet trains with the train speed of 120 km /h;the VEL can describe more effectively the vibration impact by different types of trains on human body;the VEL can help to determine the defective vibration distance more reasonably.

关 键 词：铁路振动 暴露振级 振动持续时间 振动评价 现场测试 

分 类 号：TB533.2[理学—物理] X827[理学—声学]