美学的僭越与“伦理”的复归——从形式静观到审美融合  

Arrogation of Aesthetics and Return of Ethics:From Ethical Function to Aesthetic Contemplation

作　　者：王庆卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第3期30-37,共8页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家留学基金委项目"中西建筑艺术的伦理功能研究"(201406775015)

摘　　要：在经历了数十年的日常生活审美化趋势后,美学与生活似乎已无法进一步靠拢。两者已用尽了含混与妥协的空间,终于露出不可通约的逻辑硬核;美学与生活谁为主导,已成了再无腾挪余地的问题。近年在建筑艺术领域出现的"少一些美学,多一些伦理"的抵制性呼吁,既是对美学态度过度泛滥的反弹,又不妨将其看作对美学的一种当代期许。这里的"伦理"内涵是基于其古希腊语的原始涵义即"精神气质",强调建筑应显现的自身目的和特定生活方式。面对美学对生活的"僭越",当代一些学者认为必须改变传统的形式静观的审美模式才能解决。其中,卡斯腾·哈里斯的"伦理功能"、卡尔松的"功能适应"、柏林特的"审美融合",都喻示当代美学中发生的这种观念调整。通过分析"美学态度"和"伦理态度"相互拒斥的历史,可以窥见二者沟通的可能性,探索在"功能性的内容"与"可见的形式"之间建立联系的思路,为审美与生活的当代融合寻找新的知识前提和评判标准。How to treat the nature and function of aesthetics in contemporary life has been a topic of growing scholarly interest. This is because of its boundary and the future development of aesthetics. In the field of architectural art,this topic has received special attention. ＂Less aesthetics and more ethics for cities＂has become a contemporary expectation of aesthetics. Karsten Harries pointed out that the＂ethical function of architecture＂is the＂interpretation of a way of life valid for our period＂. In his article Reconsidering the Aesthetics of Architecture,Allen Carlson proposed ＂an ecological approach to the aesthetics＂,which requires that the＂functional adaptation＂of architecture be the guiding concept of aesthetic appreciation. Anold Berleant put forward the concept of aesthetic engagement models to modify the traditional form of in- position viewing. However,regardless of how to emphasize the importance of ethical function,it is still necessary to achieve it through a certain form of appearance. This paper discusses the possibility of their future communication through the analysis of the relationship between ＂aesthetic attitude＂and ＂ethical attitude＂,explores the idea of establishing the relation between ＂functional content＂and ＂visible form＂,and attempts to establish a reasonable knowledge premise and criteria for contemporary aesthetic activities.

关 键 词：美学态度 伦理态度 伦理功能 审美融合 

分 类 号：B830[哲学宗教—美学]