审美心理机制:基于阿恩海姆视知觉形式动力理论的解读与思考  

On Aesthetics Psychological Mechanism Based on Arnheim's Visual Form Dynamics

作　　者：宁海林[1] 王泽霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]浙江越秀外国语学院英语学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第3期154-158,共5页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：宁波大学科研启动项目"全媒时代舆论传播机制及引导策略"阶段性成果

摘　　要：鲁道夫·阿恩海姆(Rudolf Arnheim)视知觉形式动力理论在视知觉层面阐述了审美心理动力机制,推动了审美心理学理论的研究进程,但该理论过于专注视知觉直接经验建构的普遍心理基础和基本机制的建构作用,未能与文化的、历史的、社会的、民族的等方面的意义建立起联系,具有明显的局限性。实际上,不仅"纯粹的形式",而且文化的、历史的、社会的、民族的等方面的意义作为刺激物也会以力的式样在人的大脑中不断积淀并以同类型力的形式进行遗传。这样,视知觉形式动力理论不仅能够在视知觉直接经验层面上解释普遍的审美心理基础和基本机制,而且能够说明社会、历史以及个人等因素在审美心理机制形成过程中的作用,解释了审美心理机制的历史差异和个体差异,从而形成一种更为完善的审美心理学理论。Arnhem ＇s Form Dynamics Theory explains aesthetic psychological mechanism and its working process from visual direct experience perspective,which has exerted great impact in this field.However,it only focuses on the perception dynamics on the common foundation and the basic mechanism of direct experience,failing to explain the differences of aesthetic psychological mechanism from historical and individual perspectives.Based on Accumulating Theory and Collective Unconsciousness,visual perception dynamics is also constantly accumulated by people in the deep hearts.Since visual form,emotions and meanings occur simultaneously and unconsciously,visual perception dynamics theory can also take the social,historical and cultural factors into consideration in explaining the working process of aesthetic psychological mechanism in order to have a better understanding of historical and individual differences in aesthetic psychological system.

关 键 词：审美心理 审美经验 阿恩海姆 积淀说 集体无意识 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]